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Assessing toddlers and preschoolers (age one to four)

Learn about how pain is assessed in toddlers and preschoolers. At this age, children can usually indicate the amount, type, and location of pain.

JIA resources

Assessing babies (from newborns to one year)

Read about pain assessment in babies (from newborns to one year olds). Both behavioral reactions and physical reactions to pain are assessed.

Assessing younger school-aged children (age five to eight)

Learn about pain assessment of younger school-age children. By this age, children begin to develop a sense of cause and effect concerning their pain.

Learning disabilities: Overview

A learning disability can be related to reading, writing or math. Learn about the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of learning disabilities.

Assessing cancer-related pain in children

Discover the signs of cancer-related pain in children and how cancer-related pain is assessed by the health-care team.

Acute pain: How to assess in older children

Discover how to assess acute pain in an older child (age six to 12) at home and in medical settings.

JIA resources

Math disabilities: Overview

A math disability is when a child has significant challenges with math. Learn about math disabilities, their symptoms, and how they are diagnosed and treated.

Chronic pain: How to assess in teens

​Find out how to recognize the signs of chronic pain at home and how chronic pain is assessed in medical settings.

Acute pain: How to assess in young children

Find out how to assess acute pain in your young child (age two to five) at home and in medical settings.

Writing disabilities: Overview

A writing disability is when a child has significant challenges with writing. Learn about writing disabilities, their symptoms, and how they are diagnosed and treated.

Chronic pain: How to assess in older children

​Discover the signs of chronic pain in an older child and how chronic pain is assessed in medical settings.

Chronic pain: How to assess in young children

Discover the signs of chronic pain in a young child and how chronic pain is assessed in medical settings.

Acute pain: How to assess in infants and toddlers

Find out how acute pain is identified and assessed, at home and in medical settings, in children not old enough to speak.

Reading disabilities: Overview

A reading disability is a specific type of learning disability. Learn about the symptoms of a reading disability, diagnosis and treatment.

Longer-lasting pain: How to assess in infants and toddlers

Infants and toddlers can experience longer-lasting pain from certain conditions and repeated procedures. Find out how to assess longer-lasting pain in infants and toddlers at home and in medical settings.

Acute pain: How to assess in teens

​Find out how to recognize the signs of acute pain at home and how your teen's pain is assessed in medical settings.

Pain in newborns and babies

Babies can feel pain. Learn about ways pain in newborns and babies can be assessed and techniques that can help ease pain.

Pain at home: Taking care of your child

This page give advice on how to relieve a child's pain at home.

Brain disorders and mental health: Overview

​Brain disorders can be caused by medical conditions, illness or injury. Find out how they can affect a child's mental health and overall functioning.

Acute pain: How to treat and manage in infants and toddlers

​Pain treatment involves a mix of psychological, physical and pharmacological (medication) strategies. Learn more about the 3Ps for acute pain.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)

​September is FASD Awareness Month. Learn about the effects of drinking alcohol during pregnancy and how to help a child with FASD.

Pain assessment

Learn about the process and goals of pain assessment to provide the information necessary to initiate optimal pain treatment strategies.