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Childhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)CChildhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)Childhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)EnglishNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)BrainVeinsConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2009-11-06T05:00:00Z5.7000000000000076.60000000000001217.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>A stroke is caused a by blockage in the brain and can happen at any age. Read about cerebral sinovenous thrombosis which is a blood clot in a vein. </p><h2>What is a stroke?</h2> <p>Arteries and veins are called blood vessels. They carry blood, oxygen, and nutrients to all the tissues in the body, including the brain. Blood is pushed through the blood vessels by your heartbeat. </p> <p>A stroke is a sudden blockage or damage in the blood vessels in part of the brain. This stops blood from flowing to that part of the brain, and as a result, less oxygen and other nutrients can get to that part of the brain. This can cause some permanent damage and stop it from working properly. </p> <p>This page explains some of the possible causes of stroke in children, what test may be used when a stroke is suspected, and available treatment options. The warning signs of stroke are also discussed. </p> <p>A stroke can happen to anyone at any age. Strokes happen in babies, children and teenagers, as well as in adults and seniors. There are many reasons why a child might have a stroke that may be different from why adults have stroke. </p> <p>Finding the cause of the stroke is important, for these reasons:</p> <ul> <li>It helps decide what kind of treatment is best. </li> <li>It may help prevent more damage. </li> <li>It may stop your child from having another stroke in the future. </li> </ul> <p>Even after many tests, sometimes it is not possible to find out the exact cause of a stroke.</p><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Stroke can occur in people of all ages, including babies and children. </li><li>Stroke can happen for many different reasons. </li><li>Trying to find out the cause of stroke is important. It may help decide the best treatment. </li><li>Treatment of stroke may include blood thinners. Treatment focuses on decreasing damage and stopping further strokes. </li></ul><h2>Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis</h2><p>CSVT is a stroke caused by a blood clot in a vein.</p> <figure class="asset-c-80"> <span class="asset-image-title">Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)</span> <img src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/CSVT_MED_ILL_EN.jpg" alt="Identification of veins and sinuses in the brain" /> <figcaption class="asset-image-caption">CSVT is when a blood clot is found in the sinovenous system of the brain.</figcaption> </figure> <h3>Some of the warning signs of CSVT</h3><p>Children, teenagers and young adults who are having a stroke due to CSVT may gradually or suddenly show one or more of the following signs:</p><ul><li>They slur their speech, cannot speak at all, or have trouble speaking and understanding simple statements.<br></li><li>They cannot see clearly in one or both eyes.</li><li>They experience confusion or become less conscious.</li><li>They have a new, severe headache, with or without vomiting (throwing up).</li><li>They find that their face, arm, or leg feels weak or numb, usually on one side of the body.</li></ul><p>Babies who are having a stroke due to CSVT may only show the following signs:</p><ul><li>They have seizures without a clear reason. Seizures may look like twitching of the face, arms or legs, or starring spells</li><li>They have extreme trouble staying awake and alert during the day outside of their normal sleeping time.</li></ul><h2>Possible causes of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis</h2> <p>Sometimes, CSVT occurs in otherwise healthy children. For other children, CSVT may be caused by another condition the child already has. Possible causes of CSVT include the following: </p> <ul> <li>dehydration or not having enough fluid in the body </li> <li>worsening head and neck infections </li> <li>leukaemia and medicines that are used to treat leukaemia </li> <li>blood clotting disorders </li> <li>head trauma </li> <li>iron deficiency anemia </li> <li>taking birth control pills that contain estrogen, which are believed to increase the risk of stroke </li> <li>other childhood diseases </li> </ul><h2>Common tests for childhood stroke</h2><p>The doctor may order some or all of the following tests when a child has CSVT.</p><p>Some of these are routine tests. This means they are done on many children in the hospital for different reasons other than stroke. If you want to learn more about a certain test your child is having, ask your health care team for more detailed information. </p><p>Most of these tests will be done several different times, to see how well your child is doing over time.</p><h3>Physical exam (neurological exam)</h3><p>A neurological exam looks at how well your child's brain is working. For example, how well the brain is sending messages to the body. </p><h3>Bloodwork</h3><p>Blood tests help doctors better understand why your child had a stroke. If your child is taking blood thinners, tests will be done to find out how well they are working. Tests may show that the dose needs to be changed. </p><div class="akh-series"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"> <figure><span class="asset-image-title">Cerebral sinovenous </span> <span class="asset-image-title">thrombosis</span> <img alt="CT scan from the top of the head, with a darkened area on the back of the head, in the bottom-left corner of the scan" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Venous_Clot_in_Brain_MEDIMG_PHO_EN.jpg" /> <figcaption class="asset-image-caption">CT scan showing a venous clot at the back of the brain.</figcaption> </figure> <h3>Computed tomography (CT) scan</h3><p>A CT scan takes detailed pictures of the area in the brain where that the stroke affected. This test may show whether or not a stroke has occurred. It may also show what kind of stroke happened, and which tissues it affected.</p><p>A CT venogram (CTV) will take a detailed look at the veins inside the brain.</p></div></div></div><h3>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</h3><p>An MRI can show if a stroke occurred or not. It can also show when the stroke occurred and how serious it is.</p><p>A magnetic resonance venogram (MRV) will take a closer look at the veins in the brain.<br></p><h3>Lumbar puncture</h3><p>This test looks for signs of infection or inflammation in your child's nervous system. These conditions may have caused the stroke. A lumbar puncture is also called a spinal tap. </p><h2>Treating cerebral sinovenous thrombosis</h2> <p>The main goals in the treatment of CSVT are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Decrease the brain damage that the CSVT can cause. </li> <li>Prevent the blood clot from getting bigger </li> </ul> <p>Treatments may include medicines called blood thinners (anticoagulants). These help stop the blood from forming more clots. Your child may receive one or more of the following blood thinners: </p> <ul> <li><a href="/Article?contentid=265&language=English">warfarin​</a>, given by mouth </li> <li>heparin, given by intravenous </li> <li>low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), given by injection under the skin</li> </ul><p>For more information about different types of stroke in children or babies, see <a href="/Article?contentid=860&language=English">Stroke in Newborns</a> and <a href="/Article?contentid=854&language=English">Childhood Stroke: Arterial Ischemic Stroke</a>.</p>
Accident vasculaire cérébral chez les enfants : Thrombose sino-veineuse cérébraleAAccident vasculaire cérébral chez les enfants : Thrombose sino-veineuse cérébraleChildhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)FrenchNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)BrainVeinsConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2009-11-06T05:00:00Z6.0000000000000074.00000000000001110.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>L’accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) est causé par un blocage dans le cerveau et peut survenir à tout âge. Apprenez-en davantage sur la thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale, causée par un caillot de sang dans une veine.</p><h2>Qu’est-ce qu’un accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC)?</h2> <p>Les artères et les veines constituent les vaisseaux sanguins. Ce sont eux qui transportent le sang, l’oxygène et les éléments nutritifs vers les tissus du corps, y compris le cerveau. Le sang est pompé dans les vaisseaux sanguins par le cœur, lors de chaque pulsation.</p> <p>Un accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) désigne un blocage soudain ou une détérioration des vaisseaux sanguins dans un secteur du cerveau. Le sang ne peut alors plus circuler dans cette région du cerveau et, par conséquent, il est en partie privé d’oxygène et d’éléments nutritifs. Il peut en résulter des dommages permanents et le cerveau peut ne plus fonctionner correctement.</p> <p>La présente rubrique explique certaines des causes d’un accident vasculaire cérébral chez les enfants, les examens qui peuvent être faits lorsqu’on soupçonne qu’il y a AVC et les traitements disponibles. On y aborde également les signaux d’avertissement d’un AVC.</p> <p>Un accident vasculaire cérébral peut se produire à tout âge. Il peut se produire chez les bébés, les enfants et les adolescents, ainsi que chez les adultes et les personnes âgées. Il existe de nombreuses raisons pour lesquelles un enfant peut avoir un AVC et celles-ci peuvent différer des causes chez les adultes.</p> <p>Il est important de trouver la cause de l’accident vasculaire cérébral pour les raisons suivantes :</p> <ul> <li>pour décider du type de traitement qui convient,</li> <li>pour éviter d’autres dommages au cerveau,</li> <li>pour éviter que votre enfant connaisse un autre accident vasculaire cérébral à l’avenir.</li> </ul> <p>Même après plusieurs examens, il n’est parfois pas possible de trouver la cause exacte d’un AVC.</p><h2>À retenir</h2> <ul> <li>Un accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) se produit chez les gens de tout âge, y compris les bébés et les enfants.</li> <li>Un AVC peut se produire pour diverses raisons.</li> <li>Il est important de tenter de trouver la cause de l’AVC, car cela peut aider à choisir le traitement approprié.</li> <li>Le traitement d’un AVC peut comprendre l’administration d’anticoagulants. Il cherche à minimiser les dommages et à éviter d’autres AVC. </li> </ul><h2>Thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale</h2><p>Une thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale est un AVC causé par la présence d’un caillot sanguin dans une veine.</p> <figure class="asset-c-80"> <span class="asset-image-title">Thrombose sinoveineuse cérébrale</span> <img src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/CSVT_MED_ILL_FR.jpg" alt="L’emplacement des veines et sinus dans le cerveau" /> <figcaption class="asset-image-caption">Une thrombose sinoveineuse cérébrale se produit lorsqu'il y a un caillot de sang dans le système sinoveineux du cerveau.</figcaption> </figure> <h3>Quelques signes avant-coureurs d’une thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale</h3><p>Les enfants, les adolescents et les jeunes adultes qui ont un accident vasculaire cérébral peuvent soudainement ou graduellement exhiber un ou plusieurs des signes suivants :</p><ul><li>Parler avec difficulté ou ne plus pouvoir parler et/ou avoir du mal à comprendre de simples énoncés.</li><li>Voir difficilement d’un œil ou des deux yeux.</li><li>Être confus ou perdre un peu conscience.</li><li>Ressentir unmal de tête nouveau et violent, avec ou sans vomissement.</li><li>Avoir le visage, le bras ou la jambe faibles ou engourdis, habituellement d’un seul côté du corps. </li></ul><p>Les bébés qui ont un AVC en raison d’une thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale peuvent ne montrer que les signes suivants :</p><ul><li>Avoir une crise sans raison apparente. Les crises peuvent ressembler à des spasmes musculaires au visage, dans les bras ou les jambes, ou des épisodes où ils regardent fixement.</li><li>Avoir de la difficulté à rester réveillé ou alerte pendant la journée en dehors de leurs périodes normales de sommeil. </li></ul><h2>Causes possibles d’une thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale</h2> <p>Parfois les thromboses sino-veineuses cérébrales se produisent chez des enfants qui, par ailleurs, sont en bonne santé. Chez d’autres enfants, la thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale peut être causée par un autre problème de santé déjà présent. Voici quelques causes possibles de thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale : </p> <ul> <li>déshydratation ou un manque de liquide dans le corps,</li> <li>des infections au cou ou à la tête qui s’aggravent,</li> <li>une leucémie et les médicaments qui servent à traiter la leucémie,</li> <li>des problèmes de coagulation du sang,</li> <li>un traumatisme crânien,</li> <li>une anémie due à une carence en fer,</li> <li>la prise de pilules contraceptives qui contiennent des estrogènes qui, croit-on, peuvent augmenter les risques d’AVC,</li> <li>d’autres maladies infantiles. </li> </ul><h2>Examens courants pour déceler les AVC chez les enfants</h2><p>Le médecin peut demander un ou plusieurs des examens suivants lorsqu’un enfant subit une thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale.</p><p>Certains de ces examens sont des examens de routine, ce qui signifie qu’ils sont pratiqués sur de nombreux enfants à l’hôpital pour diverses raisons. Si vous voulez en savoir plus sur un examen en particulier que votre enfant doit subir, demandez à votre équipe médicale de vous donner des renseignements plus détaillés. </p><p>Avec le temps, la plupart de ces examens seront repris pour vérifier la progression de l’état de votre enfant.</p><h3>Examen physique (examen neurologique)</h3><p>Un examen neurologique cherche à voir si le cerveau de votre enfant fonctionne bien. Par exemple, si le cerveau envoie correctement les messages au corps.</p><h3>Analyses sanguines</h3><p>Les analyses sanguines permettent aux médecins de mieux comprendre pourquoi votre enfant a eu un AVC. Si votre enfant prend des anticoagulants, des analyses permettront de savoir s’ils fonctionnent bien. D’autres analyses pourront indiquer qu’il faut changer les dosages. </p><div class="akh-series"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"> <figure><span class="asset-image-title">Thrombose cérébrale sinovéneuse</span><img alt="Un tomodensitogramme du cerveau pris du sommet de la tête, montrant une zone d’une différente couleur à l’arrière de la tête" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Venous_Clot_in_Brain_MEDIMG_PHO_FR.jpg" /><figcaption class="asset-image-caption">Tomodensitogramme qui montre un caillot veineux à l'arrière du cerveau.</figcaption> </figure> <h3>Tomodensitogramme</h3><p>Un tomodensitogramme permet de prendre des photos détaillées de la région touchée du cerveau où l’AVC s’est produit. Cet examen peut indiquer si un AVC s’est produit ou non. Il peut aussi montrer le type d’AVC dont il s’agit et les tissus touchés.</p><p>Un veinogramme ou phlébogramme par tomodensitométrie permet d’observer en détail les veines dans le cerveau.</p></div></div></div><h3>Imagerie par résonnance magnétique (IRM)</h3><p>Une IRM peut montrer si un accident vasculaire cérébral s’est produit ou non. Elle peut aussi indiquer quand l’AVC s’est produit et sa gravité.</p><p>Un veinogramme par résonnance magnétique (VRM) permet d’observer de près les veines dans le cerveau.<br></p><h3>Ponction lombaire</h3><p>Une ponction lombaire permet de chercher des signes d’infection ou d’inflammation dans le système nerveux de votre enfant, puisqu’ils ont pu être causés par l‘AVC.</p><h2>Traitement d’une thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale</h2> <p>Voici les principaux objectifs d’un traitement d’une thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale :</p> <ul> <li>diminuer les dommages au cerveau que la thrombose sino-veineuse cérébrale peut causer,</li> <li>éviter que le caillot ne grossisse.</li> </ul> <p>Les traitements peuvent comprendre des médicaments qui clarifient le sang (anticoagulants), ce qui évite la formation de caillots. Votre enfant peut recevoir un ou plusieurs de ces anticoagulants : </p> <ul> <li>warfarine (Coumadin), par voie orale (la bouche)</li> <li>héparine, par intraveineuse</li> <li>héparine de faible poids moléculaire (HBPM), par injections sous-cutanées</li> </ul>

 

 

 

 

Childhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)855.000000000000Childhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)Childhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)CEnglishNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)BrainVeinsConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2009-11-06T05:00:00Z5.7000000000000076.60000000000001217.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>A stroke is caused a by blockage in the brain and can happen at any age. Read about cerebral sinovenous thrombosis which is a blood clot in a vein. </p><h2>What is a stroke?</h2> <p>Arteries and veins are called blood vessels. They carry blood, oxygen, and nutrients to all the tissues in the body, including the brain. Blood is pushed through the blood vessels by your heartbeat. </p> <p>A stroke is a sudden blockage or damage in the blood vessels in part of the brain. This stops blood from flowing to that part of the brain, and as a result, less oxygen and other nutrients can get to that part of the brain. This can cause some permanent damage and stop it from working properly. </p> <p>This page explains some of the possible causes of stroke in children, what test may be used when a stroke is suspected, and available treatment options. The warning signs of stroke are also discussed. </p> <p>A stroke can happen to anyone at any age. Strokes happen in babies, children and teenagers, as well as in adults and seniors. There are many reasons why a child might have a stroke that may be different from why adults have stroke. </p> <p>Finding the cause of the stroke is important, for these reasons:</p> <ul> <li>It helps decide what kind of treatment is best. </li> <li>It may help prevent more damage. </li> <li>It may stop your child from having another stroke in the future. </li> </ul> <p>Even after many tests, sometimes it is not possible to find out the exact cause of a stroke.</p><h2>A blood clot is the most common cause of stroke in children</h2><p>A blood clot or clotting occurs when blood changes from liquid to solid form. A certain amount of blood clotting in the body is normal. However, a blood clot that gets stuck in veins or the brain is not normal. If this happens in the brain, it can cause a stroke. </p><p>A stroke caused by a blood clot is called an ischemic (say: iss-KEE-mik) stroke.</p><h3>Blood vessels</h3><p>Arteries and veins are both blood vessels in the body.</p><ul><li>An artery carries blood from the heart to the body's tissues, including the brain.</li><li>A vein carries blood from the body's tissues back to the heart. </li></ul><p>Because there are two kinds of blood vessels, there are two kinds of ischemic strokes:</p><ul><li>A stroke caused by a blood clot in an artery is called arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). Detailed information on AIS is available in another brochure. </li><li>A stroke or brain swelling caused by a blood clot in a vein is called cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT). </li></ul><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Stroke can occur in people of all ages, including babies and children. </li><li>Stroke can happen for many different reasons. </li><li>Trying to find out the cause of stroke is important. It may help decide the best treatment. </li><li>Treatment of stroke may include blood thinners. Treatment focuses on decreasing damage and stopping further strokes. </li></ul><h2>Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis</h2><p>CSVT is a stroke caused by a blood clot in a vein.</p> <figure class="asset-c-80"> <span class="asset-image-title">Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)</span> <img src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/CSVT_MED_ILL_EN.jpg" alt="Identification of veins and sinuses in the brain" /> <figcaption class="asset-image-caption">CSVT is when a blood clot is found in the sinovenous system of the brain.</figcaption> </figure> <h3>Some of the warning signs of CSVT</h3><p>Children, teenagers and young adults who are having a stroke due to CSVT may gradually or suddenly show one or more of the following signs:</p><ul><li>They slur their speech, cannot speak at all, or have trouble speaking and understanding simple statements.<br></li><li>They cannot see clearly in one or both eyes.</li><li>They experience confusion or become less conscious.</li><li>They have a new, severe headache, with or without vomiting (throwing up).</li><li>They find that their face, arm, or leg feels weak or numb, usually on one side of the body.</li></ul><p>Babies who are having a stroke due to CSVT may only show the following signs:</p><ul><li>They have seizures without a clear reason. Seizures may look like twitching of the face, arms or legs, or starring spells</li><li>They have extreme trouble staying awake and alert during the day outside of their normal sleeping time.</li></ul><h2>Possible causes of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis</h2> <p>Sometimes, CSVT occurs in otherwise healthy children. For other children, CSVT may be caused by another condition the child already has. Possible causes of CSVT include the following: </p> <ul> <li>dehydration or not having enough fluid in the body </li> <li>worsening head and neck infections </li> <li>leukaemia and medicines that are used to treat leukaemia </li> <li>blood clotting disorders </li> <li>head trauma </li> <li>iron deficiency anemia </li> <li>taking birth control pills that contain estrogen, which are believed to increase the risk of stroke </li> <li>other childhood diseases </li> </ul><h2>Common tests for childhood stroke</h2><p>The doctor may order some or all of the following tests when a child has CSVT.</p><p>Some of these are routine tests. This means they are done on many children in the hospital for different reasons other than stroke. If you want to learn more about a certain test your child is having, ask your health care team for more detailed information. </p><p>Most of these tests will be done several different times, to see how well your child is doing over time.</p><h3>Physical exam (neurological exam)</h3><p>A neurological exam looks at how well your child's brain is working. For example, how well the brain is sending messages to the body. </p><h3>Bloodwork</h3><p>Blood tests help doctors better understand why your child had a stroke. If your child is taking blood thinners, tests will be done to find out how well they are working. Tests may show that the dose needs to be changed. </p><div class="akh-series"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"> <figure><span class="asset-image-title">Cerebral sinovenous </span> <span class="asset-image-title">thrombosis</span> <img alt="CT scan from the top of the head, with a darkened area on the back of the head, in the bottom-left corner of the scan" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Venous_Clot_in_Brain_MEDIMG_PHO_EN.jpg" /> <figcaption class="asset-image-caption">CT scan showing a venous clot at the back of the brain.</figcaption> </figure> <h3>Computed tomography (CT) scan</h3><p>A CT scan takes detailed pictures of the area in the brain where that the stroke affected. This test may show whether or not a stroke has occurred. It may also show what kind of stroke happened, and which tissues it affected.</p><p>A CT venogram (CTV) will take a detailed look at the veins inside the brain.</p></div></div></div><h3>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</h3><p>An MRI can show if a stroke occurred or not. It can also show when the stroke occurred and how serious it is.</p><p>A magnetic resonance venogram (MRV) will take a closer look at the veins in the brain.<br></p><h3>Lumbar puncture</h3><p>This test looks for signs of infection or inflammation in your child's nervous system. These conditions may have caused the stroke. A lumbar puncture is also called a spinal tap. </p><h2>Treating cerebral sinovenous thrombosis</h2> <p>The main goals in the treatment of CSVT are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Decrease the brain damage that the CSVT can cause. </li> <li>Prevent the blood clot from getting bigger </li> </ul> <p>Treatments may include medicines called blood thinners (anticoagulants). These help stop the blood from forming more clots. Your child may receive one or more of the following blood thinners: </p> <ul> <li><a href="/Article?contentid=265&language=English">warfarin​</a>, given by mouth </li> <li>heparin, given by intravenous </li> <li>low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), given by injection under the skin</li> </ul><h2>Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis can happen again</h2> <p>The chance that a stroke will happen again depends on the following:</p> <ul> <li>the cause of the stroke </li> <li>treatment options </li> <li>how well the treatment works </li> </ul> <h2>For more information</h2> <p>If you have any questions, please write them down so that your doctor or nurse can answer them for you:</p><p>For more information about different types of stroke in children or babies, see <a href="/Article?contentid=860&language=English">Stroke in Newborns</a> and <a href="/Article?contentid=854&language=English">Childhood Stroke: Arterial Ischemic Stroke</a>.</p>https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/CSVT_MED_ILL_EN.jpgChildhood stroke: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT)False

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