| Immunization schedule | 1986.00000000000 | Immunization schedule | Immunization schedule | I | English | Prevention | Child (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years) | NA | NA | Drug treatment | Caregivers
Adult (19+) | NA | | 2018-07-26T04:00:00Z | | Shawna Silver, MD, FRCPC, FAAP, PEng | | | | 10.5000000000000 | 43.7000000000000 | 1116.00000000000 | | Health (A-Z) - Procedure | Health A-Z | <p>Read about types of immunizations that are recommended during a child's first year of life and onward.</p> | <p>Immunizations protect your child against several serious, life-threatening infectious diseases. Your child should receive their immunizations according to the schedule recommended for your province, state, or country. For more specific information, contact your child's health care provider, or the local public health unit for your community.</p> | | <h2>Key points</h2>
<ul>
<li>Immunizations protect against serious, life-threatening infectious diseases.</li>
<li>Children should be immunized according to the schedule recommended by their province, state or country.</li>
</ul> | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | <p>The following chart is the recommended schedule of immunizations during childhood for the <a href="http://www.health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/immunization/docs/immunization_schedule.pdf" target="_blank">province of Ontario</a> as of December 2016. For the most current recommendations according to the National Advisory Committee on Immunization and for each province and territory go to the <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/provincial-territorial-immunization-information/provincial-territorial-routine-vaccination-programs-infants-children.html" target="_blank">Government of Canada</a> website.</p>
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<img src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/AKHAssets/immunization_table_EN.png" alt="Immunization schedule chart" /> </figure>
<h2>Descriptions of immunizations</h2><h3>DTap-IPV-Hib: Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated polio virus, haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine</h3><p>Immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough) is important, since all of these diseases can be deadly. Pertussis is a serious disease, especially for young babies. Children who get pertussis can have spells of violent coughing. The cough can cause children to stop breathing for brief periods of time. The cough can last for weeks and makes it difficult for children to eat, drink and breathe. The risk of children getting pertussis increases if fewer children are immunized.</p><p>The polio vaccine protects children from this now rare but crippling disease. Polio can cause nerve damage and can paralyze a person for the rest of their life. The inactivated polio vaccine is now recommended for all polio doses.</p><p>Haemophilus influenzae is a type of bacteria that causes several life-threatening diseases in young children such as meningitis, epiglottitis, and pneumonia. Before the vaccine was available, a large number of children developed H. influenzae meningitis each year. Some died and others developed learning or developmental problems such as blindness, deafness, or cerebral palsy. Because of the vaccine, H. influenzae type B infection is now uncommon. The Hib vaccine does not protect against pneumonia and meningitis caused by viruses.</p><p>For more information, see "<a href="/Article?contentid=759&language=English">Tetanus</a>," "<a href="/Article?contentid=754&language=English">Pertussis</a>," and "<a href="/Article?contentid=149&language=English">Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Vaccine</a>."</p><h3>Pneu-C-13: Pneumococcal conjugate (13-valent) vaccine</h3><p>Pneumococcal infections are serious bacterial infections that may cause pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and meningitis. The pneumococcal vaccine protects against the thirteen types of pneumococcal bacteria that cause most of these serious diseases. The vaccine also prevents a small percentage of ear infections caused by pneumococci.</p><p>Routine use of pneumococcal vaccine is now recommended for babies and toddlers. Some older children with serious illnesses, such as sickle cell anemia, may also benefit from the vaccine.</p><h3>Rota: Rotavirus oral vaccine</h3><p>Rotavirus is a condition that causes vomiting and diarrhea. Sometimes the diarrhea is so severe, children need to be hospitalized. It is very contagious and spreads easily between children. Vaccines active against rotavirus became available at the beginning of 2006. The rotavirus vaccine is given by mouth.</p><h3>Men-C-C: Meningococcal conjugate C vaccine</h3><p>Meningococcal infections are serious bacterial infections that cause bloodstream infections or meningitis. </p><h3>MMR: Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine</h3><p>This is a three-in-one immunization that protects against measles, mumps and rubella. It is given in infancy and then again at pre-school age.</p><p>For more information, see "<a href="/Article?contentid=752&language=English">Measles</a>," "<a href="/Article?contentid=753&language=English">Mumps</a>," and "<a href="/Article?contentid=758&language=English">Rubella</a>."</p><h3>Var: Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine</h3><p>This vaccine is 70% to 90% effective in preventing chickenpox. If vaccinated children get chickenpox, they have a much milder form of the disease.</p><p>For more information, see "<a href="/Article?contentid=760&language=English">Chickenpox (Varicella)</a>."</p><h3>Men-C-ACYW-135: Meningococcal conjugate ACYW-135 vaccine</h3><p>Students in Grade 7 are eligible to receive a single dose of this vaccine. Students who were eligible in Grade 7 and have not yet received the vaccine are eligible for a single dose of Men-C-ACYW.</p><h3>HB: Hepatitis B vaccine</h3><p>Vaccination against hepatitis B prevents this type of hepatitis and the severe liver damage that can occur 20 or 30 years after a person is first infected. A significant number of adults die each year from hepatitis-related liver cancer or cirrhosis. The younger the person is when the infection occurs, the greater the risk of serious problems. Students in Grade 7 are eligible to receive this vaccine.</p><h3>HPV: Human papillomavirus vaccine</h3><p>HPV is a virus that can lead to different types of cancers in females and males. Both males and females are eligible to receive this vaccine starting in Grade 7.</p><p>For more information, see "<a href="/Article?contentid=25&language=English">Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and Genital Warts</a>" and "<a href="/Article?contentid=151&language=English">Human Papilloma Virus (HPV): What You Need to Know</a>"</p><h3>Inf: Seasonal influenza vaccine</h3><p>Influenza is a common respiratory virus in the fall and winter. It can lead to pneumonia and hospitalization, especially in young children and children with underlying medical conditions. All children and youth are encouraged to get the seasonal influenza vaccine.</p><p>For more information, see "<a href="/article?contentid=763&language=English">Influenza (Flu)</a>."</p><h2>Other vaccines</h2><h3>Hepatitis A vaccine</h3><p>The hepatitis A vaccine is recommended for children and teenagers in selected geographic regions, and for certain people at high risk. Talk to your health care provider or local public health unit for more information.</p><p>For more information, see "<a href="/Article?contentid=819&language=English">Hepatitis A</a>."</p> | <h2>Considerations before vaccinating</h2><p>If any of the following conditions apply to your child, talk to your doctor before getting your child vaccinated.</p><ul><li>Your child had an allergic reaction to a previous vaccination.</li><li>Children who are immunocompromised should not be given live virus vaccines such as chickenpox or MMR. Because live virus vaccines live and divide within the person vaccinated, they can cause the actual disease if the immune system is very weak.</li><li>Your child has egg allergies. Children who are allergic to eggs can receive all routine immunizations. However, there are several types of flu vaccines and some of these vaccines could cause an allergy if your child is allergic to eggs while others do not. If your child has a severe allergy to eggs, talk to their doctor about whether or not to get the influenza vaccine and, if so, which one to get.</li></ul><h2>Unwarranted reasons not to vaccinate</h2><p>Unnecessary precautions have led some parents to postpone or cancel scheduled immunizations. A child
<strong>can</strong> still be immunized in the following situations.</p><ul><li>The child had soreness, redness or swelling at the injection site after a previous DTaP shot.</li><li>The child had a fever of less than 40.5°C (105°F) after a previous DTaP shot.</li><li>The child has a mild illness such as a cold, cough or diarrhea without a fever.</li><li>The child is recovering from a mild illness such as a cold, cough or diarrhea.</li><li>The child has recently been exposed to an infectious disease.</li><li>The child is taking antibiotics.</li><li>The child was premature.</li><li>The child's mother is pregnant.</li><li>The child is breastfeeding.</li><li>The child has allergies (with the exception of the influenza vaccine as explained above).
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