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Autism spectrum disorderAAutism spectrum disorderAutism spectrum disorderEnglishNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NABrainConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2011-03-24T04:00:00Z8.0000000000000059.9000000000000969.000000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>Information about the characteristics and causes of autism, how it is diagnosed and the treatments involved.<br></p><h2>What is autism spectrum disorder?</h2><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a specific set of behavioural and developmental problems and challenges. ASD affects a child's communication, social and play skills.</p><p>The word "spectrum" in ASD means that every child is unique and has their own combination of characteristics. These combine to give them a distinct social communication and behaviour profile. As your child grows and develops, the expression of these challenges will change. Usually a person with ASD has social and/or behavioural differences for their entire life.​</p><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a specific set of behavioural and developmental problems and challenges that is unique to each child. </li><li>There are some characteristics you can look for if you suspect your child has ASD. </li><li>There is no specific known cause for ASD. Current research suggests there is a genetic basis to ASD. </li><li>Diagnosing ASD is done through observation, talking to the parents and using standardized assessment tools. </li><li>There is no medical cure for ASD. Treatments can include various therapies and sometimes medication. </li></ul><h2>Characteristics of ASD</h2> <p>These are some of the characteristics of ASD.</p> <ul> <li>Shows little response when you call their name, especially if they are in preschool.</li> <li>May not respond when other people try to talk or play with them.</li> <li>Shows little interest in getting attention from others.</li> <li>Does not point with their index finger to show what they are interested in.</li> <li>Shows a lack of interest in toys or plays with toys in an unusual way.</li> <li>May seem moody, irritable or very passive.</li> <li>May suddenly change from being very passive to very irritable in a short period of time.</li> <li>May have difficulty using eye gaze appropriately in social situations.</li> </ul> <h2>Possible causes of ASD</h2> <p>There are no specific known causes of ASD. However, current studies suggest that ASD may be related to differences in how the brain develops before birth and during the first few years of life.</p> <p>In some families, there seems to be a pattern of ASD in more than one member of the family. This suggests there is a genetic basis to ASD. At this time, some specific genes have been directly linked to ASD. In most people, ASD is most likely the result of a complex interaction of several genes. These genes vary a lot among affected families. Research in this area is ongoing.</p> <p>We know that the brain of a child with ASD develops differently from conception and that:</p> <ul> <li>ASD is not a mental illness.</li> <li>children with ASD are not unruly kids who choose to misbehave.</li> <li>bad parenting does not cause ASD.</li> </ul> <h2>Prevalence of ASD</h2> <p>ASD is the most common developmental condition. One in 100 people have ASD. Four out of five people with ASD are male. ASD affects people from all parts of the world. It affects people of every social economic background and race. </p> <h2>Diagnosis of ASD</h2> <p>Diagnosing a child with ASD is complex. We cannot tell, just by looking, if a child has ASD. The characteristics of ASD can change over time as your child develops. </p> <p>Best practices for determining whether a child has ASD include:</p> <ul> <li>observing the child</li> <li>talking to the parents</li> <li>using standardized assessment tools to document development and behaviour</li> </ul> <p>There are no laboratory tests for diagnosing ASD. However, some lab tests may be helpful to detect medical problems such as low iron, causing anemia. Some children may develop seizures and need an EEG to document brain electrical activity before starting seizure treatment. </p> <p>Making a diagnosis may be difficult for a doctor who does not have experience working with children with ASD. The doctor needs to be able to tell the difference between ASD and other conditions. So it is best if the doctor, along with a team of specially trained health-care workers, makes a diagnosis for your child.</p> <h2>Treating ASD</h2> <p>There is no medical cure for ASD. However, because we understand the brain and ASD so much better now, we may be able to influence how the brain develops and works. Slowly we are finding ways to help people deal with different characteristics of ASD. With the right treatment, some behaviour can be changed. But most children and adults with ASD will have some characteristics of ASD for the rest of their lives. Some may be helped with medicines that treat low iron levels. Other medicines may reduce symptoms such as anxiety, which may develop at any age.</p> <p>Children with ASD respond well to highly structured, specialized education programs that meet the specific needs of the child. They work best one-on-one or in a small group setting.</p> <p>An effective program may include:</p> <ul> <li>behavioural teaching</li> <li>communication therapy</li> <li>training in social skills development</li> <li>sensory motor therapy</li> </ul> <p>An effective program should be flexible. The program should constantly change over time. It should teach the social communication skills needed at every stage of development. It should be supervised by someone who has a strong understanding of ASD and its treatment.</p> <p>An effective program offers training and support for parents, other caregivers and teachers. It can be difficult for the family, classroom teacher or other caregivers to help the child with ASD effectively without some training.</p> <h2>What to do if you think your child has ASD</h2> <p>If you suspect your child might have ASD, book an appointment with the family doctor. They may refer your child to a child psychologist who specializes in the diagnosis of ASD. </p><h2>Resources for ASD</h2><p>For a listing of resources to support families, see the <a href="/Article?contentid=1501&language=English">Resources for ASD</a> section in the <a href="/autism">Autism Spectrum Disorder</a> learning hub. </p><p>Depending upon where you live, you may need to develop your own list of available resources. </p><p>Your local chapter of <a href="https://www.autismontario.com/" target="_blank">Autism Ontario</a> is a great starting place to find resources in your community.</p>
Troubles du spectre autistiqueTTroubles du spectre autistiqueAutism spectrum disorderFrenchNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NABrainConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2011-03-24T04:00:00Z8.0000000000000061.0000000000000864.000000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>Information sur les caractéristiques et les causes de l’autisme, la façon de diagnostiquer cette maladie et les traitements offerts.</p><h2>Que sont les troubles du spectre autistique?</h2><p>Le trouble du spectre autistique (TSA) est un ensemble particulier de problèmes et de difficultés de développement et de comportement. Le TSA touche les capacités de communication, sociales et de jeu de l’enfant.</p><p>Le terme « spectre » de l’expression « troubles du spectre autistique » signifie que chaque enfant est unique et possède sa propre combinaison de caractéristiques. Elles forment un ensemble pour lui donner un profil distinct de communication sociale et de comportements. Au fur et à mesure que grandit et se développe votre enfant, l’expression de ces difficultés changera. Habituellement, une personne atteinte de TSA a des différences sociales et/ou comportementales tout au long de sa vie.<br></p><h2>À retenir</h2> <ul><li>Les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) sont un ensemble particulier de problèmes et de difficultés de développement et de comportement qui sont uniques à chaque enfant. </li><li>Vous pouvez être à l’affût de certaines caractéristiques si vous soupçonnez que votre enfant est atteint d’un TSA. </li><li>On ne connaît pas la cause précise des TSA. La recherche actuelle suggère que ces troubles ont un fondement génétique. </li><li>Le diagnostic de TSA s’appuie sur ce qu’un professionnel de la santé observe, des discussions avec les parents et l’utilisation d’outils d’évaluation normalisés.</li><li>Il n’existe aucun remède contre les TSA. On peut toutefois les prendre en charge en ayant recours à divers traitements et, parfois, à des médicaments. </li></ul><h2>Caractéristiques des TSA</h2> <p>Voici certaines des caractéristiques des TSA : </p> <ul> <li>Réagir peu quand vous l’appelez par son nom, surtout s’il est d’âge préscolaire;<br></li> <li>Ne pas réagir quand d’autres personnes essaient de parler ou de jouer avec lui;</li> <li>Montrer peu d’intérêt pour obtenir l’attention des autres;<br></li> <li>Ne pas pointer avec son index afin de montrer ce qui l’intéresse;<br></li> <li>Montrer un manque d’intérêt pour les jouets ou jouer avec les jouets de façon inhabituelle;</li> <li>Pouvoir se montrer maussade, irritable ou très passif;</li> <li>Pouvoir soudainement passer d’une humeur très passive à très irritable en peu de temps;</li> <li>Avoir de la difficulté à utiliser le regard de façon appropriée dans les situations sociales.</li> </ul> <h2>Causes possibles des TSA</h2><p>Il n’existe pas de causes spécifiques connues des TSA. Toutefois, les études actuelles laissent entendre que les TSA pourraient être liées aux différences dans la façon dont se développe le cerveau avant la naissance et pendant les premières années de vie.</p><p>Dans certaines familles, il semble y avoir des prédispositions aux TSA chez plus d’un membre de la famille. On peut donc supposer que ces troubles ont un fondement génétique. Jusqu’à aujourd’hui, on n’a pas pu établir de lien précis entre un gène en particulier et les TSA. En fait, les TSA sont plus probablement le résultat d’une interaction complexe de plusieurs gènes. Ces gènes varient beaucoup dans les familles touchées. La recherche dans ce domaine se poursuit.</p><p>Nous savons maintenant que le cerveau d’un enfant atteint d’un TSA se développe différemment dès la conception et que : </p><ul><li>les TSA ne sont pas des maladies mentales; </li><li>les enfants atteints d’un TSA ne sont pas des jeunes indisciplinés qui choisissent de mal se comporter; </li><li>les mauvais parents ne causent pas les TSA.</li></ul><h2>Prévalence des TSA<br></h2><p>Les TSA sont les troubles du développement les plus courants. Une personne sur 100 présente des TSA. Quatre personnes sur 5 atteintes d’un TSA sont des hommes. Les TSA affectent des personnes partout dans le monde. Ils touchent des personnes de toutes les classes socio-économiques et de toutes les ethnies. </p><h2>Le diagnostic des TSA</h2> <p>Diagnostiquer un enfant atteint d’un TSA est complexe. Nous ne pouvons affirmer, uniquement par observation, si un enfant est atteint de TSA. Les caractéristiques des TSA peuvent changer au fur et à mesure que votre enfant se développe. </p> <p>Voici des exemple de bonnes pratiques pour déterminer si un enfant est atteint de TSA : </p> <ul> <li>observer l’enfant;</li> <li>parler aux parents;<br></li> <li>utiliser des outils d’évaluation normalisés afin de documenter le développement et le comportement.</li> </ul> <p>Il n’existe pas de test de laboratoire pour diagnostiquer les TSA. Toutefois, certains tests de laboratoire peuvent s’avérer utiles pour déceler les problèmes médicaux tels qu'une carence en fer, qui cause l'anémie. Certains enfants peuvent développer une vulnérabilité à l’épilepsie et ont besoin d’un EEG afin de documenter l’activité électrique cérébrale avant d'entamer un traitement contre cette maladie. </p> <p>Poser un diagnostic peut représenter des difficultés pour un médecin qui n’a pas d’expérience avec les enfants atteints de TSA. Le médecin doit pouvoir faire la différence entre les TSA et d’autres troubles. Il est donc préférable que le médecin, avec une équipe de travailleurs de la santé spécialement formés, établissent un diagnostic pour votre enfant.</p><h2>Traitement contre les TSA</h2> <p>Il n’existe pas de traitement médical contre les TSA. Cependant, étant donné que nous comprenons maintenant le cerveau et les TSA beaucoup mieux qu’avant, nous pourrions être en mesure d’avoir une incidence sur la façon dont le cerveau se développe et fonctionne. Lentement, nous trouvons des façons d’aider les personnes à composer avec les diverses caractéristiques des TSA. Avec le bon traitement, nous pouvons modifier certains comportements. Cependant, la plupart des enfants et des adultes atteints d’un TSA présenteront des caractéristiques des TSA pendant le reste de leur vie. Certains peuvent être atténués par des médicaments contre la carence en fer. D’autres médicaments peuvent réduire les symptômes tels que l’anxiété, qui se développe à tout âge.<br></p> <p>Les enfants atteints d’un TSA répondent bien à des programmes d’éducation spécialisée très structurés qui répondent aux besoins précis de l’enfant. Les meilleurs résultats sont les approches individuelles ou par petits groupes.</p> <p>Un programme efficace peut comprendre les points suivants : </p> <ul> <li>enseignement comportemental;</li> <li>thérapie par la communication</li> <li>formation en perfectionnement des aptitudes sociales;</li> <li>thérapie sensorielle et motrice.</li> </ul> <p>Un programme efficace se doit d’être souple. Il doit pouvoir constamment s’adapter au fil du temps. Il doit comprendre les compétences en communication sociale nécessaires à chaque étape du développement. Il faut la supervision d’une personne qui comprend très bien les TSA et leurs traitements.</p> <p>Un programme efficace offre aussi une formation et un soutien aux parents, aux autres soignants et aux enseignants. Il peut souvent être difficile pour la famille, les enseignants ou les autres soignants d’aider un enfant atteint d’un TSA efficacement sans avoir reçu de formation. </p><h2>Que faire si vous croyez que votre enfant est atteint d'un TSA</h2> <p>Si vous croyez que votre enfant est atteint d’un TSA, prenez rendez-vous avec votre médecin de famille. Il peut référer votre enfant à un psychologue pour enfants spécialisé dans le diagnostic des TSA. </p><h2>Aller de l’avant : des ressources sur les TSA</h2><p>Pour une liste de ressources d’appui aux familles, veuillez consulter la section <a href="/Article?contentid=1501&language=French">Ressources sur les TSA</a> du centre de documentation <a href="/Article?contentid=2475&language=French">Troubles du spectre autistique</a>.</p><p>En fonction de votre lieu de résidance, vous aurez peut-être besoin d’élaborer votre propre liste de ressources disponibles. </p><p>Votre section régionale de <a href="https://www.autismontario.com/fr">Autisme Ontario</a> est un bon départ pour trouver des ressources dans votre communauté.</p>
اضطراب طيف التوحدااضطراب طيف التوحدAutism spectrum disorderArabicNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NABrainConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2011-03-24T04:00:00Z8.0000000000000061.0000000000000864.000000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>معلومات عن خصائص وأسباب التوحد، وكيف يتم تشخيصه، والعلاجات المشمولة.</p>
自闭症谱系障碍自闭症谱系障碍Autism spectrum disorderChineseSimplifiedNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NABrainConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2011-03-24T04:00:00Z61.00000000000008.00000000000000864.000000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Z概述了自闭症的特征和原因,如何诊断及治疗。<br>
آٹزم سپیکٹرم ڈس آرڈرآآٹزم سپیکٹرم ڈس آرڈرAutism Spectrum DisorderUrduNAChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NANANAAdult (19+)NA2011-03-24T04:00:00Z61.00000000000008.00000000000000864.000000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Zآٹزم کی خصوصیات، وجوھات، اسکی تشخیص اور اس میں شامل علاج کے بارے میں معلومات۔

 

 

 

 

Autism spectrum disorder21.0000000000000Autism spectrum disorderAutism spectrum disorderAEnglishNeurologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NABrainConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2011-03-24T04:00:00Z8.0000000000000059.9000000000000969.000000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>Information about the characteristics and causes of autism, how it is diagnosed and the treatments involved.<br></p><h2>What is autism spectrum disorder?</h2><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a specific set of behavioural and developmental problems and challenges. ASD affects a child's communication, social and play skills.</p><p>The word "spectrum" in ASD means that every child is unique and has their own combination of characteristics. These combine to give them a distinct social communication and behaviour profile. As your child grows and develops, the expression of these challenges will change. Usually a person with ASD has social and/or behavioural differences for their entire life.​</p><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a specific set of behavioural and developmental problems and challenges that is unique to each child. </li><li>There are some characteristics you can look for if you suspect your child has ASD. </li><li>There is no specific known cause for ASD. Current research suggests there is a genetic basis to ASD. </li><li>Diagnosing ASD is done through observation, talking to the parents and using standardized assessment tools. </li><li>There is no medical cure for ASD. Treatments can include various therapies and sometimes medication. </li></ul><h2>Characteristics of ASD</h2> <p>These are some of the characteristics of ASD.</p> <ul> <li>Shows little response when you call their name, especially if they are in preschool.</li> <li>May not respond when other people try to talk or play with them.</li> <li>Shows little interest in getting attention from others.</li> <li>Does not point with their index finger to show what they are interested in.</li> <li>Shows a lack of interest in toys or plays with toys in an unusual way.</li> <li>May seem moody, irritable or very passive.</li> <li>May suddenly change from being very passive to very irritable in a short period of time.</li> <li>May have difficulty using eye gaze appropriately in social situations.</li> </ul> <h2>Possible causes of ASD</h2> <p>There are no specific known causes of ASD. However, current studies suggest that ASD may be related to differences in how the brain develops before birth and during the first few years of life.</p> <p>In some families, there seems to be a pattern of ASD in more than one member of the family. This suggests there is a genetic basis to ASD. At this time, some specific genes have been directly linked to ASD. In most people, ASD is most likely the result of a complex interaction of several genes. These genes vary a lot among affected families. Research in this area is ongoing.</p> <p>We know that the brain of a child with ASD develops differently from conception and that:</p> <ul> <li>ASD is not a mental illness.</li> <li>children with ASD are not unruly kids who choose to misbehave.</li> <li>bad parenting does not cause ASD.</li> </ul> <h2>Prevalence of ASD</h2> <p>ASD is the most common developmental condition. One in 100 people have ASD. Four out of five people with ASD are male. ASD affects people from all parts of the world. It affects people of every social economic background and race. </p> <h2>Diagnosis of ASD</h2> <p>Diagnosing a child with ASD is complex. We cannot tell, just by looking, if a child has ASD. The characteristics of ASD can change over time as your child develops. </p> <p>Best practices for determining whether a child has ASD include:</p> <ul> <li>observing the child</li> <li>talking to the parents</li> <li>using standardized assessment tools to document development and behaviour</li> </ul> <p>There are no laboratory tests for diagnosing ASD. However, some lab tests may be helpful to detect medical problems such as low iron, causing anemia. Some children may develop seizures and need an EEG to document brain electrical activity before starting seizure treatment. </p> <p>Making a diagnosis may be difficult for a doctor who does not have experience working with children with ASD. The doctor needs to be able to tell the difference between ASD and other conditions. So it is best if the doctor, along with a team of specially trained health-care workers, makes a diagnosis for your child.</p> <h2>Treating ASD</h2> <p>There is no medical cure for ASD. However, because we understand the brain and ASD so much better now, we may be able to influence how the brain develops and works. Slowly we are finding ways to help people deal with different characteristics of ASD. With the right treatment, some behaviour can be changed. But most children and adults with ASD will have some characteristics of ASD for the rest of their lives. Some may be helped with medicines that treat low iron levels. Other medicines may reduce symptoms such as anxiety, which may develop at any age.</p> <p>Children with ASD respond well to highly structured, specialized education programs that meet the specific needs of the child. They work best one-on-one or in a small group setting.</p> <p>An effective program may include:</p> <ul> <li>behavioural teaching</li> <li>communication therapy</li> <li>training in social skills development</li> <li>sensory motor therapy</li> </ul> <p>An effective program should be flexible. The program should constantly change over time. It should teach the social communication skills needed at every stage of development. It should be supervised by someone who has a strong understanding of ASD and its treatment.</p> <p>An effective program offers training and support for parents, other caregivers and teachers. It can be difficult for the family, classroom teacher or other caregivers to help the child with ASD effectively without some training.</p> <h2>What to do if you think your child has ASD</h2> <p>If you suspect your child might have ASD, book an appointment with the family doctor. They may refer your child to a child psychologist who specializes in the diagnosis of ASD. </p><h2>Resources for ASD</h2><p>For a listing of resources to support families, see the <a href="/Article?contentid=1501&language=English">Resources for ASD</a> section in the <a href="/autism">Autism Spectrum Disorder</a> learning hub. </p><p>Depending upon where you live, you may need to develop your own list of available resources. </p><p>Your local chapter of <a href="https://www.autismontario.com/" target="_blank">Autism Ontario</a> is a great starting place to find resources in your community.</p><img alt="" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/AKHAssets/autism_spectrum_disorder.jpg" style="BORDER:0px solid;" />https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/AKHAssets/autism_spectrum_disorder.jpgAutism spectrum disorderFalse

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