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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)CCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)EnglishInfectious DiseasesChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NAImmune systemConditions and diseasesAdult (19+) CaregiversCough;Fever;Diarrhea;Headache;Runny nose;Nasal congestion;Sneezing;Vomiting;Fatigue2022-11-29T05:00:00Z10.400000000000051.60000000000001201.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>Find information about coronaviruses and COVID-19. Learn about the signs and symptoms of COVID-19, who is at greatest risk, how it is spread, how it is diagnosed and how to prevent spread of the virus. Also find out what to do if you think your child may have COVID-19 and what to do if they have been diagnosed with COVID-19.</p><h2>What are coronaviruses and COVID-19?</h2><p>Coronaviruses (CoV) are a common and large family of viruses. Coronaviruses can cause a mild illness such as the common cold to a more severe illness such as pneumonia (infection of the lungs). Most people who become ill with a coronavirus will recover on their own with no specific antiviral treatment.</p><p>A new strain of coronavirus was identified in late 2019 and has spread across the globe, which has been named SARS-CoV-2. The disease that it causes is named COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). Because there has been worldwide spread of COVID-19, the outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. In children COVID-19 generally causes a mild illness compared to adults. Children with COVID-19 can however develop severe disease and spread the infection to others.</p><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Most people who become ill with COVID-19 will recover on their own.</li><li>COVID-19 is an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, a respiratory virus that spreads mainly through close contact with an infected person.</li><li>There are things you can do to lower your risk of getting COVID-19, such as washing your hands frequently, avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands, avoiding close contact with others, keeping at least two metres from others outside your household and keeping up-to-date with COVID-19 vaccines, as eligible.</li></ul><h2>What are COVID-19 signs and symptoms?</h2><p>Your child may have COVID-19 if they have some or all of the following symptoms:</p><ul><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=30&language=English">fever</a></li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=774&language=English">cough</a> or sneezing</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=748&language=English">sore throat</a><br></li><li>difficulty breathing or fast breathing</li><li>body aches</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=29&language=English">headache</a><br></li><li>chills</li><li>fatigue</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=7&language=English">diarrhea</a> and <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=746&language=English">vomiting</a></li><li>runny or stuffy nose</li><li>loss of the sense of smell or taste</li></ul><p>Once infected, symptoms can take up to 14 days to appear. Some people with COVID-19 have mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. In more severe cases people can have difficulty breathing and pneumonia in one or both lungs.</p><p>There is a rare condition that is related to COVID-19 and develops in children one to two months after they have had the infection. This condition is called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This condition is a delayed immune response marked by fevers and inflammation of organs in the body, including the heart, lungs and brain. There are effective treatments for this condition. Read the <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=3907&language=English&hub=COVID-19">article on MIS-C</a> to learn more about this condition.</p><h2>Who is at greatest risk of getting COVID-19?</h2><p>In general, it has been observed that serious illness from COVID-19 in children is less common than it is in adults. A small number of studies have suggested that children with underlying chronic health conditions such as obesity, severe neurodisability, chronic respiratory and cardiac conditions are at higher risk for serious illness compared with other children their age.</p><h2>How is COVID-19 diagnosed?</h2><p>A diagnosis of COVID-19 is usually suspected based on symptoms and can be confirmed by laboratory testing. Testing may be required depending on exposure history with someone who was diagnosed with COVID-19, symptoms that are concerning for COVID-19, or as a screen before a planned procedure. A PCR test is commonly used and involves putting a swab into a person’s nostrils in order to get a sample from the back of their nose. PCR tests are very sensitive and accurate. Refer to the most updated <a href="https://www.ontario.ca/page/2019-novel-coronavirus">Ontario general guidelines</a> for information on who should be tested for COVID-19 and ways of accessing testing. Ontario also distributes <a href="https://files.ontario.ca/moh-rapid-testing-fact-sheet-en-fr-2022-09-13.pdf">Rapid Antigen Tests</a> (RAT) for at-home use.</p><h2>Is there any treatment available for COVID-19?</h2><p>Most people will generally recover from COVID-19 on their own without any specific antiviral or other prescription drug treatment. Antibiotics are not recommended for people with mild symptoms. Your health-care provider may recommend steps you can take to relieve symptoms.</p><p>Other treatment options can be discussed if someone requires hospitalization for COVID-19 due to serious symptoms.</p><h2>What should I do if my child has been diagnosed with COVID-19?</h2><p>If your child has been diagnosed with COVID-19 and remains well with mild symptoms, they may remain at home throughout their recovery. If you have concerns about your child’s health or are unsure, you should contact your child’s primary health-care provider or Telehealth Ontario (1-866-797-0000). Bring your child to the emergency room and/or call an ambulance if your child develops more serious symptoms as described below.</p><h2>Should I bring my child to the hospital if I suspect they have COVID-19?</h2><p>If your child has mild symptoms and remains well, it may not be necessary to seek medical attention. You can use the <a href="https://covid-19.ontario.ca/self-assessment/">Ontario COVID-19 self-assessment tool</a> for guidance. If you have other concerns or are unsure, you should contact your child’s primary health-care provider or Telehealth Ontario (1-866-797-0000).</p><p>You should come to the hospital right away if your child has the following symptoms:</p><ul><li>fast breathing or trouble breathing</li><li>bluish skin color</li><li>not drinking enough fluids</li><li>not waking up or not interacting</li><li>being so irritable that the child does not want to be held</li></ul><p>In case of an emergency, call an ambulance and tell the emergency services team you are concerned your child may have COVID-19.</p><h2>References</h2><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 28). Frequently Asked Questions and Answers. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html</a></p><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 4). How COVID-2019 Spreads. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html</a></p><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 18). Prevention & Treatment. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html</a></p><p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 31). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Frequently asked questions (FAQ). Retrieved from <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/frequently-asked-questions.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/frequently-asked-questions.html</a></p><p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 31). Coronavirus infection: Symptoms and treatment. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/coronavirus.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/coronavirus.html</a></p> <p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 25). New Order Makes Self-Isolation Mandatory for Individuals Entering Canada. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2020/03/new-order-makes-self-isolation-mandatory-for-individuals-entering-canada.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2020/03/new-order-makes-self-isolation-mandatory-for-individuals-entering-canada.html</a></p><p>World Health Organization. (2020, March 18). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public">https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public</a></p><p>World Health Organization. (2020, March 9). Q&A on coronaviruses. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses">https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses</a></p>
Maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)MMaladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) FrenchInfectious DiseasesChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NAImmune systemConditions and diseasesAdult (19+) CaregiversCough;Fever;Diarrhea;Headache;Runny nose;Nasal congestion;Sneezing;Vomiting;Fatigue2022-01-15T05:00:00Z10.400000000000051.60000000000001201.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>Renseignez-vous sur les coronavirus et la COVID-19. Découvrez les signes et les symptômes de la COVID-19, les personnes les plus exposées, son mode de propagation, son diagnostic et les moyens de prévenir la propagation du virus. Découvrez également ce qu’il faut faire si vous pensez que votre enfant est peut-être atteint de la COVID-19 et ce qu’il faut faire si la COVID-19 a été diagnostiquée.</p><h2>Que sont les coronavirus et la COVID-19?</h2><p>Les coronavirus (CoV) constituent une grande famille de virus communs. Les coronavirus peuvent provoquer une maladie bénigne, comme le rhume, ou une maladie plus grave, comme la pneumonie (infection des poumons). La plupart des personnes qui tombent malades à cause d’un coronavirus se rétablissent d’elles-mêmes, sans traitement antiviral spécifique.</p><p>Une nouvelle souche de coronavirus a été identifiée fin 2019 et s’est répandue dans le monde entier, et a reçu le nom de SRAS-CoV-2. La maladie qu’il provoque s’appelle la COVID-19 (maladie à coronavirus 2019). En raison de la propagation mondiale de la COVID-19, l’éclosion a été déclarée pandémique par l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) le 11 mars 2020. Cette maladie suscite une vive inquiétude au niveau mondial, car elle est très infectieuse et peut provoquer une pneumonie grave. Chez les enfants, la COVID-19 provoque généralement une maladie légère par rapport aux adultes. Les enfants atteints de la COVID-19 peuvent toutefois contracter une maladie grave et transmettre l’infection à d’autres personnes.</p><h2>À retenir</h2><ul><li>La plupart des personnes qui tombent malades en raison de la COVID-19 se rétablissent d’elles-mêmes.</li><li>La COVID-19 est une infection causée par le SRAS-CoV-2, un virus respiratoire qui se propage principalement par contact étroit avec une personne infectée.</li><li>Vous pouvez prendre des mesures pour réduire votre risque de contracter la COVID-19, comme vous laver les mains fréquemment, éviter de vous toucher les yeux, le nez et la bouche avec des mains non lavées, éviter les contacts étroits avec d’autres personnes et garder une distance d’au moins deux mètres avec les personnes extérieures à votre foyer.</li></ul> <h2>Quels sont les signes et symptômes de la COVID-19?</h2><p>Votre enfant peut être atteint de la COVID-19 s’il présente certains ou tous les symptômes suivants :</p><ul><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=30&language=French">fièvre</a>;</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=774&language=French">toux</a> ou éternuements;</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=748&language=French">mal de gorge</a>;</li><li>difficulté à respirer ou respiration rapide;</li><li>courbatures;</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=29&language=French">maux de tête</a>;</li><li>frissons;</li><li>fatigue;</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=7&language=English">diarrhée</a> et <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=746&language=English">vomissements</a>;</li><li>écoulement nasal ou congestion nasale;</li><li>perte de l’odorat ou du goût.</li></ul> <p>Après l’infection, les symptômes peuvent prendre jusqu’à 14 jours pour apparaître. Certaines personnes atteintes de la COVID-19 présentent des symptômes légers, voire aucun symptôme. Dans les cas plus graves, les personnes peuvent avoir des difficultés à respirer et une pneumonie dans un ou deux poumons.</p><p>Il existe une maladie rare qui peut être liée à la COVID-19 et qui se développe chez les enfants 1 à 2 mois après qu’ils ont contracté l’infection. Cette affection s’appelle syndrome inflammatoire multisystémique chez les enfants (SIME). Cette affection est due à une inflammation de l’organisme qui entraîne une fièvre prolongée chez l’enfant. Il existe des traitements efficaces pour cette affection.</p><h2>Qui est le plus à risque de contracter la COVID-19?</h2><p>Même à l’heure actuelle, il nous reste encore beaucoup à apprendre sur la COVID-19. En général, on a observé que les maladies graves dues à la COVID-19 sont moins fréquentes chez les enfants que chez les adultes. Il semble que les adolescents soient plus susceptibles de présenter des symptômes graves que les jeunes enfants. Un petit nombre d’études ont donné à penser que les enfants atteints de maladies chroniques sous-jacentes comme l’obésité, un handicap neurologique grave, des problèmes respiratoires et cardiaques chroniques, sont plus exposés à une maladie grave que les autres enfants de leur âge.</p><h2>How is COVID-19 diagnosed?</h2><p>A diagnosis of COVID-19 is usually suspected based on symptoms and can be confirmed by laboratory testing. Testing may be required depending on exposure history with someone who was diagnosed with COVID-19, symptoms that are concerning for COVID-19, or as a screen before a planned procedure. A test that is commonly used involves putting a swab into a person’s nostrils in order to get a sample from the back of their nose. Refer to the most updated <a href="https://www.ontario.ca/page/2019-novel-coronavirus">Ontario general guidelines</a> for information on who should be tested for COVID-19 and ways of accessing testing.</p><h2>Comment la COVID-19 est-elle diagnostiquée?</h2><p>Le diagnostic de la COVID-19 est généralement suspecté sur la base des symptômes et peut être confirmé par des analyses en laboratoire. Un test de dépistage peut être nécessaire en fonction des antécédents d’exposition à une personne chez qui la COVID-19 a été diagnostiquée, des symptômes inquiétants de la COVID-19, ou comme dépistage avant une intervention prévue. Un test couramment utilisé consiste à introduire un écouvillon dans les narines afin d’obtenir un échantillon de l’arrière du nez. Consultez les <a href="https://covid-19.ontario.ca/fr">directives générales de l’Ontario</a> les plus récentes pour savoir qui doit subir un test de dépistage de la COVID-19 et comment y avoir accès. </p><h2>Y a-t-il un traitement proposé contre la COVID-19?</h2><p>La plupart des personnes atteintes de la COVID-19 se rétablissent généralement d’elles-mêmes sans traitement antiviral spécifique ou autre médicament sur ordonnance. Les antibiotiques ne sont pas recommandés chez les personnes présentant des symptômes légers. Votre fournisseur de soins de santé peut vous recommander des mesures à prendre pour soulager les symptômes.</p><p>D’autres options de traitement peuvent être abordées si une personne doit être hospitalisée en raison de la COVID-19 à cause de symptômes graves.</p><h2>Que dois-je faire si mon enfant a reçu un diagnostic de COVID-19?</h2><p>Si votre enfant a reçu un diagnostic de COVID-19 et qu’il se porte bien et présente des symptômes légers, il peut rester à la maison tout au long de son rétablissement. Le service de santé public prendra contact avec vous et vous conseillera sur l’isolement de votre enfant et de tout autre membre du foyer. Si vous avez des inquiétudes au sujet de la santé de votre enfant ou si vous avez des doutes, vous devriez communiquer avec le fournisseur de soins de santé primaires de votre enfant ou avec Télésanté Ontario (1-866-797-0000). Emmenez votre enfant aux urgences ou appelez une ambulance si votre enfant présente des symptômes plus graves, tels que ceux qui sont décrits ci-dessous.</p><h2>Dois-je emmener mon enfant à l’hôpital si je pense qu’il a la COVID-19?</h2><p>Si votre enfant présente des symptômes légers et se porte bien, il n’est peut-être pas nécessaire de consulter un médecin. Vous pouvez utiliser l’<a href="https://covid-19.ontario.ca/autoevaluation/">outil d’auto-évaluation pour la COVID-19 de l’Ontario</a> à titre indicatif. Si vous avez d’autres préoccupations ou si vous avez des doutes, vous devriez communiquer avec le fournisseur de soins de santé primaires de votre enfant ou avec Télésanté Ontario (1-866-797-0000).</p><p>Vous devez vous rendre immédiatement à l’hôpital si votre enfant présente les symptômes suivants :</p><ul><li>respiration rapide ou difficulté à respirer;</li><li>couleur de peau bleuâtre;</li><li>consommation insuffisante de liquides;</li><li>incapacité de se réveiller ou d’interagir;</li><li>irritabilité au point que l’enfant ne veut pas être tenu dans les bras.</li></ul><p>En cas d’urgence, appelez une ambulance et dites à l’équipe des services d’urgence que vous craignez que votre enfant ait la COVID-19.</p><h2>Références</h2><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 28). Frequently Asked Questions and Answers. Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html</a></p><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 4). How COVID-2019 Spreads. Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html</a></p><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 18). Prevention & Treatment. Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html</a></p><p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 31). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Frequently asked questions (FAQ). Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/frequently-asked-questions.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/frequently-asked-questions.html</a></p><p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 31). Coronavirus infection: Symptoms and treatment. Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/coronavirus.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/coronavirus.html</a></p><p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 25). New Order Makes Self-Isolation Mandatory for Individuals Entering Canada. Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2020/03/new-order-makes-self-isolation-mandatory-for-individuals-entering-canada.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2020/03/new-order-makes-self-isolation-mandatory-for-individuals-entering-canada.html</a></p><p>World Health Organization. (2020, March 18). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public">https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public</a></p><p>World Health Organization. (2020, March 9). Q&A on coronaviruses. Consulté à l’adresse <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses">https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses</a></p>
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)22019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)ChineseSimplifiedInfectious DiseasesChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NAImmune systemConditions and diseasesAdult (19+) CaregiversCough;Fever;Diarrhea;Headache;Runny nose;Nasal congestion;Sneezing;Vomiting;Fatigue2022-11-29T05:00:00Z2159.00000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>查找关于冠状病毒和COVID-19的信息。了解COVID-19的症状和体征、最高风险人群、传播途径、诊断方式以及预防病毒传播的方法。另外,请了解如果您认为您的孩子可能感染COVID-19,或者已确诊患有COVID-19,应该采取什么措施。</p><h2>什么是冠状病毒和COVID-19?</h2><p>冠状病毒(CoV)是一种常见的大型病毒家族。冠状病毒可以导致普通感冒等轻微疾病,也可能导致肺炎(肺部感染)等严重的疾病。大多数感染冠状病毒的人无需特殊的抗病毒治疗即可自行康复。</p><p>在2019年底,一种新型冠状病毒被发现并迅速在全球范围内传播,这种病毒被命名为SARS-CoV-2。这种病毒引起的疾病被命名为“2019冠状病毒病”(COVID-19)。由于COVID-19已经在全球范围内传播,世界卫生组织(WHO)于2020年3月11日宣布COVID-19被定性为“大流行病”(pandemic )。相对于成年人,儿童感染COVID-19后通常症状较轻。然而,患有COVID-19的儿童也可能出现严重疾病,并将病毒传播给其他人。</p><h2>COVID-19有哪些体征和症状?</h2><p>如果您的孩子有以下部分或全部症状,则可能患有COVID-19:</p><ul><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/article?contentid=30&language=chinesesimplified">发烧</a></li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/article?contentid=774&language=chinesesimplified">咳嗽</a>或打喷嚏</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/article?contentid=748&language=chinesesimplified">喉咙痛</a></li><li>呼吸困难或呼吸急促</li><li>身体疼痛</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/article?contentid=29&language=chinesesimplified">头痛</a></li><li>发冷</li><li>疲劳</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/article?contentid=7&language=chinesesimplified">腹泻</a>和 <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/article?contentid=746&language=chinesesimplified">呕吐</a></li><li>流鼻涕或鼻塞</li><li>失去嗅觉或味觉</li></ul><p>一旦感染,症状可能需要14天才会出现。有些感染COVID-19的人症状较轻或没有症状。在病情严重的情况下,COVID-19感染者可能会出现呼吸困难以及单侧或双侧肺炎的症状。</p><p>还有一种罕见的病症与COVID-19有关,儿童在感染后的一个月到两个月内可能会出现这种病症。这种病症被称为“儿童多系统炎症综合征”(MIS-C)。这种病症是一种延迟的免疫反应,主要表现为发热和身体器官(例如心脏、肺和大脑等)出现炎症。对于此疾病,已有有效的治疗方法可供选择。</p><h2>谁最容易感染COVID-19?</h2><p>总的来说,与成年人相比,儿童感染COVID-19后出现严重病症的情况较为罕见。但有少数研究指出,如果儿童存在肥胖、严重神经功能障碍、慢性呼吸和心脏疾病等慢性健康问题,他们比同龄健康儿童更容易出现严重病症。</p><h2>COVID-19是如何传播的?</h2><p>SARS-CoV-2,作为一种呼吸道病毒,主要通过与感染者的密切接触而传播。病毒可以通过感染者咳嗽或呼吸时从鼻子或口中喷出的飞沫和气溶胶传播给附近的人,人们吸入后可能感染该病毒。这些飞沫还可能降落在物体或表面上,如果其他人触摸了这些被感染的物体或表面,然后再摸脸却未洗手,则也可能感染上病毒。许多COVID-19感染者只会出现轻微症状,尤其是在疾病的早期阶段。即使是那些只有轻微症状或甚至没有症状的感染者,也可能会传染COVID-19给他人。</p><h2>如何诊断COVID-19?</h2><p>通常情况下,COVID-19的诊断是基于症状的猜测,需要通过实验室检测来进行确认。是否需要进行COVID-19检测取决于以下因素:是否与COVID-19确诊病例有过接触、是否出现了令人担忧的COVID-19症状,或者是否需要在计划手术前进行筛查。PCR检测是一种常用的方法。检测流程包括将棉签插入被检测者的鼻孔,以便从鼻后部获取样本。PCR检测的准确性和敏感性非常高。请参阅最新的 <a href="https://www.ontario.ca/page/2019-novel-coronavirus">安大略省常规指南</a>,了解哪些人士需要接受COVID-19检测以及如何申请检测。安大略省还提供可供居家使用的 <a href="https://files.ontario.ca/moh-rapid-testing-fact-sheet-en-fr-2022-09-13.pdf">快速抗原测试</a>(RAT)。</p><h2>是否有针对COVID-19的治疗方法?</h2><p>大多数感染COVID-19的人通常会自我康复,不需要接受任何特定的抗病毒或其他处方药物治疗。对于轻症患者,不建议使用抗生素。您的医疗保健提供者可能会建议您采取措施来缓解症状。</p><p>如果由于症状严重而需要住院治疗,医生会讨论其他治疗方案。</p><h2>如果我的孩子被诊断出患有COVID-19,该怎么办?</h2><p>如果您的孩子被诊断出患有COVID-19,但症状较轻,且身体状况良好,可以在家中休养等待康复。如果您对孩子的健康问题有疑虑或疑问,请联系孩子的主治医生或联系“安大略省远程医疗服务”(Telehealth Ontario;电话 1-866-797-0000)进行咨询。如果孩子出现以下严重的症状,应带孩子前往急诊科和/或拨打救护车电话。</p><h2>有哪些措施可以有效防止COVID-19传播?</h2><ul><li>接种疫苗已被证明可以有效预防COVID-19。所有符合条件接种COVID-19疫苗的人,包括六个月及以上的儿童,都应该接种疫苗。请阅读 <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/article?contentid=3937&language=chinesesimplified">有关COVID-19疫苗的文章</a>,以了解更多信息。</li><li>与其他呼吸病毒(包括流感)一样,建议您经常用肥皂和水洗手,每次至少洗20秒钟。如果没有肥皂和水,也可以使用酒精含量至少为60%的洗手液。</li><li>避免触摸自己的脸、鼻子和眼睛。</li><li>保持与他人的距离;打喷嚏或咳嗽时注意用纸巾或肘部捂住口鼻。如果使用纸巾,使用后请立即丢弃,并洗手。</li><li>尽量避免与发热或咳嗽的人密切接触。</li><li>建议在存在高风险人群(例如长期护理机构)的地区佩戴口罩。</li><li>在拜访儿童医院(SickKids)时,建议有能力并愿意安全佩戴口罩的儿童佩戴口罩,一般为两岁及以上儿童。SickKids 向所有家庭护理人员和儿童提供口罩。可以在医院入口处领取口罩。</li></ul><h2>如果我怀疑我的孩子感染了COVID-19,是否应该带孩子去医院?</h2><p>如果孩子的症状较轻,且身体状况良好,可能不需要寻求医疗救助。您可以使用 <a href="https://covid-19.ontario.ca/self-assessment/">安大略省COVID-19自我评估工具</a>来确定是否需要寻求医疗救助。如果您有其他疑虑或疑问,请联系孩子的主治医生或联系“安大略省远程医疗服务”(电话:1-866-797-0000)进行咨询。</p><p>如果孩子出现以下症状,请立即前往医院:</p><ul><li>呼吸急促或呼吸困难</li><li>皮肤发青</li><li>未摄入足够的液体</li><li>醒不过来或无法唤醒</li><li>情绪易怒,不愿被抱</li></ul><p>在紧急情况下,请拨打救护车电话,并告知急救服务团队您担心孩子可能感染了COVID-19。</p><h2>要点</h2><ul><li>大多数感染COVID-19的人会自行康复。</li><li>COVID-19是由SARS-CoV-2(一种呼吸道病毒)引起的感染,主要通过与感染者密切接触传播。</li><li>为了降低感染COVID-19的风险,有一些预防措施可以采取,例如勤洗手、避免用未洗干净的手触摸眼、鼻和口,避免与他人密切接触,与不属于您家庭的其他人保持至少两米的距离,以及及时了解COVID-19疫苗接种的情况。</li></ul>

 

 

 

 

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)3872.00000000000Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)CEnglishInfectious DiseasesChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NAImmune systemConditions and diseasesAdult (19+) CaregiversCough;Fever;Diarrhea;Headache;Runny nose;Nasal congestion;Sneezing;Vomiting;Fatigue2022-11-29T05:00:00Z10.400000000000051.60000000000001201.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>Find information about coronaviruses and COVID-19. Learn about the signs and symptoms of COVID-19, who is at greatest risk, how it is spread, how it is diagnosed and how to prevent spread of the virus. Also find out what to do if you think your child may have COVID-19 and what to do if they have been diagnosed with COVID-19.</p><h2>What are coronaviruses and COVID-19?</h2><p>Coronaviruses (CoV) are a common and large family of viruses. Coronaviruses can cause a mild illness such as the common cold to a more severe illness such as pneumonia (infection of the lungs). Most people who become ill with a coronavirus will recover on their own with no specific antiviral treatment.</p><p>A new strain of coronavirus was identified in late 2019 and has spread across the globe, which has been named SARS-CoV-2. The disease that it causes is named COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). Because there has been worldwide spread of COVID-19, the outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. In children COVID-19 generally causes a mild illness compared to adults. Children with COVID-19 can however develop severe disease and spread the infection to others.</p><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Most people who become ill with COVID-19 will recover on their own.</li><li>COVID-19 is an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, a respiratory virus that spreads mainly through close contact with an infected person.</li><li>There are things you can do to lower your risk of getting COVID-19, such as washing your hands frequently, avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands, avoiding close contact with others, keeping at least two metres from others outside your household and keeping up-to-date with COVID-19 vaccines, as eligible.</li></ul><h2>What are COVID-19 signs and symptoms?</h2><p>Your child may have COVID-19 if they have some or all of the following symptoms:</p><ul><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=30&language=English">fever</a></li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=774&language=English">cough</a> or sneezing</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=748&language=English">sore throat</a><br></li><li>difficulty breathing or fast breathing</li><li>body aches</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=29&language=English">headache</a><br></li><li>chills</li><li>fatigue</li><li> <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=7&language=English">diarrhea</a> and <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=746&language=English">vomiting</a></li><li>runny or stuffy nose</li><li>loss of the sense of smell or taste</li></ul><p>Once infected, symptoms can take up to 14 days to appear. Some people with COVID-19 have mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. In more severe cases people can have difficulty breathing and pneumonia in one or both lungs.</p><p>There is a rare condition that is related to COVID-19 and develops in children one to two months after they have had the infection. This condition is called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This condition is a delayed immune response marked by fevers and inflammation of organs in the body, including the heart, lungs and brain. There are effective treatments for this condition. Read the <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=3907&language=English&hub=COVID-19">article on MIS-C</a> to learn more about this condition.</p><h2>Who is at greatest risk of getting COVID-19?</h2><p>In general, it has been observed that serious illness from COVID-19 in children is less common than it is in adults. A small number of studies have suggested that children with underlying chronic health conditions such as obesity, severe neurodisability, chronic respiratory and cardiac conditions are at higher risk for serious illness compared with other children their age.</p><h2>How does COVID-19 spread?</h2><p>SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is a respiratory virus that spreads mainly through close contact with an infected person. The virus can be transmitted through droplets and aerosols projected from the nose or mouth of an infected person through coughing or exhaling which can then be breathed in by other people nearby. These droplets can also land on objects or surfaces and infect other people when they touch these objects or surfaces and then touch their face before washing their hands. Many people with COVID-19 experience only mild symptoms, especially during the early phase of the disease. You can get COVID-19 from someone who is only experiencing very mild symptoms or even no symptoms at all.</p><h2>How is COVID-19 diagnosed?</h2><p>A diagnosis of COVID-19 is usually suspected based on symptoms and can be confirmed by laboratory testing. Testing may be required depending on exposure history with someone who was diagnosed with COVID-19, symptoms that are concerning for COVID-19, or as a screen before a planned procedure. A PCR test is commonly used and involves putting a swab into a person’s nostrils in order to get a sample from the back of their nose. PCR tests are very sensitive and accurate. Refer to the most updated <a href="https://www.ontario.ca/page/2019-novel-coronavirus">Ontario general guidelines</a> for information on who should be tested for COVID-19 and ways of accessing testing. Ontario also distributes <a href="https://files.ontario.ca/moh-rapid-testing-fact-sheet-en-fr-2022-09-13.pdf">Rapid Antigen Tests</a> (RAT) for at-home use.</p><h2>Is there any treatment available for COVID-19?</h2><p>Most people will generally recover from COVID-19 on their own without any specific antiviral or other prescription drug treatment. Antibiotics are not recommended for people with mild symptoms. Your health-care provider may recommend steps you can take to relieve symptoms.</p><p>Other treatment options can be discussed if someone requires hospitalization for COVID-19 due to serious symptoms.</p><h2>What should I do if my child has been diagnosed with COVID-19?</h2><p>If your child has been diagnosed with COVID-19 and remains well with mild symptoms, they may remain at home throughout their recovery. If you have concerns about your child’s health or are unsure, you should contact your child’s primary health-care provider or Telehealth Ontario (1-866-797-0000). Bring your child to the emergency room and/or call an ambulance if your child develops more serious symptoms as described below.</p><h2>What are effective measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19?</h2><ul><li>Vaccination has been shown to be effective against COVID-19. Individuals who are eligible to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, including children six months of age and older, should receive the vaccine. Read the <a href="https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=3937&language=English&hub=COVID-19">article on COVID-19 vaccines</a> to learn more about them.</li><li>Like other respiratory viruses, including influenza, it is recommended that you wash your hands frequently by using soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If soap and water are not readily available, an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol can also be used.</li><li>Try not to touch your face, nose and eyes.</li><li>Practice cough etiquette by keeping a distance from other people and coughing and sneezing into your flexed elbow or using a tissue to cover your mouth and nose. If you use a tissue, throw it away immediately and then wash your hands.</li><li>Avoid close contact with people who have a fever or cough as feasible.</li><li>Masking is recommended in areas where there are individuals at high risk (ex. Long-Term Care).</li><li>When visiting SickKids, masks are recommended to children able and willing to wear masks safely – generally children two years of age and older. SickKids is providing masks to all family caregivers and children. Masks will be provided at the entrances to the hospital.</li> </ul><h2>Should I bring my child to the hospital if I suspect they have COVID-19?</h2><p>If your child has mild symptoms and remains well, it may not be necessary to seek medical attention. You can use the <a href="https://covid-19.ontario.ca/self-assessment/">Ontario COVID-19 self-assessment tool</a> for guidance. If you have other concerns or are unsure, you should contact your child’s primary health-care provider or Telehealth Ontario (1-866-797-0000).</p><p>You should come to the hospital right away if your child has the following symptoms:</p><ul><li>fast breathing or trouble breathing</li><li>bluish skin color</li><li>not drinking enough fluids</li><li>not waking up or not interacting</li><li>being so irritable that the child does not want to be held</li></ul><p>In case of an emergency, call an ambulance and tell the emergency services team you are concerned your child may have COVID-19.</p><h2>References</h2><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 28). Frequently Asked Questions and Answers. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html</a></p><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 4). How COVID-2019 Spreads. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html</a></p><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March 18). Prevention & Treatment. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html</a></p><p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 31). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Frequently asked questions (FAQ). Retrieved from <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/frequently-asked-questions.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/frequently-asked-questions.html</a></p><p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 31). Coronavirus infection: Symptoms and treatment. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/coronavirus.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/coronavirus.html</a></p> <p>Government of Canada. (2020, March 25). New Order Makes Self-Isolation Mandatory for Individuals Entering Canada. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2020/03/new-order-makes-self-isolation-mandatory-for-individuals-entering-canada.html">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2020/03/new-order-makes-self-isolation-mandatory-for-individuals-entering-canada.html</a></p><p>World Health Organization. (2020, March 18). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public">https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public</a></p><p>World Health Organization. (2020, March 9). Q&A on coronaviruses. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses">https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses</a></p>https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/AKHAssets/Coronavirus_disease_2019--COVID-19.jpgCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)False Learn about the signs and symptoms of COVID-19, who is at greatest risk, how it is diagnosed and how to prevent spread of the virus.

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