Depression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changesDDepression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changesDepression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changesEnglishPsychiatrySchool age child (5-8 years);Pre-teen (9-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NANANon-drug treatmentCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2016-07-15T04:00:00ZMarijana Jovanovic, MD, FRCPC;Daphne Korczak MD, MSc, FRCPC (Paediatrics), FRCPC (Psychiatry)​;Irfan Mian, MD, FRCPC, DABPN​​​11.500000000000040.6000000000000952.000000000000Health (A-Z) - ProcedureHealth A-Z<p>​Find out how different types of psychotherapy and lifestyle changes can help ease depression.</p><p>​​If your child or teen is diagnosed with depression, they may be prescribed <a href="/Article?contentid=707&language=English">medications</a> and may be advised to undertake psychotherapy or make lifestyle changes. The type of treatment your child receives depends on the severity of their depression.</p><h2>Key points</h2> <ul> <li>Psychotherapy can help a child with depression by offering support, teaching coping skills or exploring relationships.</li> <li>Cognitive behavioural therapy is an effective psychotherapy. By focusing on the relationship between thoughts, feelings and behaviour, it can help patients recognize signs of depression and change their thinking and behaviour.</li> <li>Other forms of psychotherapy include interpersonal psychotherapy, family therapy, behavioural therapy and mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies.</li> <li>Children and teens may also benefit from at least eight to 10 hours sleep a night, eating a balanced diet and getting regular exercise. A family doctor or pediatrician can offer advice if a child has difficulty making lifestyle changes.</li> </ul><h2>How psychotherapy can help treat depression</h2><p>Psychotherapy, also known as "talk therapy", involves a trained therapist working one-to-one with a patient or a group of people on common objectives. Depending on the type of psychotherapy, the therapist can offer support, teach coping skills or help the patient(s) explore their relationships.</p><h3>How to access psychotherapy</h3><p>Based on your child's diagnosis and the severity of their symptoms, your doctor may suggest a therapist or centre that is right for your child. You can also access psychotherapy through:</p><ul><li>a mental health agency</li><li>a recommendation from a trusted friend or family member</li><li>an employee or family assistance program</li></ul><p>Fees for psychotherapy vary. Some costs might be covered through public health agencies or plans or through private insurance.</p><p>The therapy that has been shown to be most effective for depression is cognitive behavioural therapy.</p><h3>Cognitive behavioural therapy</h3><p>Cognitive behavioural therapy, or CBT, is a structured form of therapy involving one session a week usually for 10 to 16 weeks. CBT can be effective for a range of mental health issues.</p><p> <em>How CBT works</em></p><p>CBT is based on cognitive theory, the idea that our thoughts influence our feelings and our behaviours. When it is focused on treating depression, it helps children:</p><ul><li>recognize their signs of depression</li><li>develop "cognitive strategies" (different ways of thinking) for the things that make them sad</li><li>practise "exposure" or "behavioural strategies" to help them gradually re-engage in activities that they might have avoided because of the depression</li></ul><p>CBT helps a person with depression look at some of the thoughts behind their avoidant or other poor coping behaviours. It also teaches them how to have more balanced thoughts and how to cope with depression with relaxation techniques.</p><p>Over time, CBT can include exposure therapy. This typically involves experiments that gradually expose a patient to activities that they have avoided because of their depression. The patient would usually start with the easiest activity and work up to the most difficult.</p><p>CBT can be done one on one with a therapist or with a group of patients and a therapist. It can be conducted with a child on their own or with their parent(s) or caregiver(s) present. Some parent participation is usually encouraged.</p><p>Teens and parents can also work through self-help CBT resources on their own.</p><h3>Interpersonal psychotherapy for adolescents (IPT-A)</h3><p>Interpersonal psychotherapy is a form of therapy for depression that has been adapted for teens. It is more helpful for people that have depression without anxiety. Typically, it involves attending weekly sessions over 16 to 20 weeks.</p><p>The therapy is based on a standard set of written guidelines. It usually explores important relationships in a teen's life within one of the four following areas:</p><ul><li>role transitions (for example, transitioning to high school or university or entering puberty)</li><li>grief (a significant loss, typically a death)</li><li>interpersonal disputes (typically poor relations with a parent or caregiver)</li><li>interpersonal sensitivities (difficulties establishing relationships).</li></ul><p>The therapist will use different techniques, including analyzing communication in detail and role playing other ways the teen can communicate with others.</p><h3>Other forms of psychotherapy</h3><p>Sometimes patients and families choose other psychotherapies based on:</p><ul><li>availability</li><li>the presence of other difficulties or disorders</li><li>their own preferences, for example a shared language or culture</li></ul><p>Other therapies include:</p><ul><li>family therapy, if there is a lot of family tension or conflict</li><li>trauma-specific therapy, if there is a history of trauma</li><li>behavioural approaches, for example if a child or teen has depression with <a href="/Article?contentid=1922&language=English">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)</a> or <a href="/Article?contentid=1925&language=English">oppositional defiant disorder</a></li> <li>mindfulness and acceptance based therapies, which involve learning to live in the moment and experience life without judgment</li></ul><h3>Importance of patient/therapist relationship</h3><p>Psychotherapy is more helpful when there is a good relationship between the therapist and the child. If there is a poor fit, you may need to talk to the therapist or else switch to another therapist.</p><h2>Further information</h2><p>For more information on depression, please see the following pages:</p><p><a href="/Article?contentid=19&language=English">Depression: Overview</a></p><p><a href="/Article?contentid=284&language=English">Depression: Signs and symptoms</a></p><p><a href="/Article?contentid=707&language=English">Depression: Treatment with medications</a></p>
La dépression: le traitement par la psychothérapie et les changements de mode de vieLLa dépression: le traitement par la psychothérapie et les changements de mode de vieDepression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changesFrenchPsychiatrySchool age child (5-8 years);Pre-teen (9-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NANANon-drug treatmentCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2016-07-15T04:00:00ZMarijana Jovanovic, MD, FRCPC;Daphne Korczak MD, MSc, FRCPC (Paediatrics), FRCPC (Psychiatry)​;Irfan Mian, MD, FRCPC, DABPN​​​000Health (A-Z) - ProcedureHealth A-Z<p>Découvrez comment différents types de psychothérapie et des changements dans le mode de vie peuvent aider à soulager la dépression.</p><p>Si votre enfant ou votre ado a reçu un diagnostic de dépression, il peut se voir prescrit des <a href="/Article?contentid=707&language=French">médicaments</a> et on peut lui recommander de suivre une psychothérapie ou d'apporter des changements dans son mode de vie. Le type de traitement(s) que votre enfant reçoit dépend de la gravité de sa dépression.</p><h2>À retenir</h2> <ul><li>La psychothérapie peut aider un enfant souffrant de dépression en offrant du soutien, en enseignant des habiletés d'adaptation ou en examinant les relations.</li> <li>La thérapie cognitive du comportement est une psychothérapie efficace. En mettant l'accent sur la relation entre les pensées, les sentiments et le comportement, elle peut aider les patients à reconnaître les signes de dépression et à modifier leurs pensées et leur comportement.</li> <li>D'autres formes de psychothérapie comprennent la psychothérapie interpersonnelle, la thérapie familiale, la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale et les thérapies de pleine conscience et d'acceptation et d'engagement.</li> <li>Les enfants et les adolescents peuvent aller mieux en dormant au moins huit à dix heures par nuit, en suivant un régime alimentaire équilibré et en faisant des activités physiques régulières. Le médecin de famille ou un pédiatre peut offrir des conseils si votre enfant a des difficultés à adopter des changements dans son mode de vie.</li></ul><h2>Comment la psychothérapie aide-t-elle à traiter la dépression?</h2> <p>La psychothérapie, également connue sous le nom de « thérapie de la parole », prévoit un thérapeute professionnel travaillant face à face avec un patient, ou un groupe de patients, sur des objectifs communs. En fonction du type de psychothérapie, le thérapeute peut offrir un soutien, enseigner des habiletés d'adaptation ou aider le patient à examiner ses relations.</p> <h2>Comment accéder à la psychothérapie</h2> <p>En fonction du diagnostic posé et de la gravité des symptômes, votre médecin peut suggérer un thérapeute ou un centre qui convienne à votre enfant. Vous pouvez également accéder à la psychothérapie de la manière suivante:</p> <ul><li>par le biais d'un organisme de santé mentale,</li> <li>sur la recommandation d'un ami de confiance ou d'un membre de la famille,</li> <li>grâce à un programme d'aide aux employés ou à la famille.</li></ul> <p>Les frais de psychothérapie varient. Une partie des frais peut être couverte par les services ou les régimes de santé publique ou par une assurance privée.</p> <p>La thérapie cognitivo-comportementale s'est avérée la plus efficace pour les enfants souffrant de dépression.</p> <h3>La thérapie cognitivo-comportementale</h3> <p>La thérapie comportementale cognitive, ou TCC en abrégé, est une forme structurée de thérapie nécessitant une session par semaine, pendant environ 10 à 16 semaines. La TCC peut être efficace pour toute une gamme de problèmes de santé mentale.</p> <p><em>Comment fonctionne la TCC</em></p> <p>La TCC est basée sur la théorie cognitive, l'idée que les constructions mentales influent sur les sentiments et les conduites des individus. Lorsqu'on l'utilise pour le traitement de la dépression, elle aide les enfants à:</p> <ul><li>reconnaître les signes de la dépression,</li> <li>élaborer des « stratégies cognitives » (des façons différentes de penser) face aux choses qui les rendent tristes,</li> <li>pratiquer « l'exposition » ou des « stratégies comportementales » pour les aider à reprendre progressivement les activités évitées en raison de la dépression.</li></ul> <p>La TCC aide une personne souffrant de dépression à examiner les pensées qui sous-tendent le comportement d'évitement ou d'autres comportements négatifs. La TCC enseigne également à avoir des pensées plus équilibrées et à affronter la dépression avec des techniques de relaxation.</p> <p>Au fil du temps, la TCC peut également inclure la thérapie par exposition. Cela signifie d'entreprendre des expériences qui vont progressivement exposer le patient à des activités qu'il évitait à cause de sa dépression. Le patient commence habituellement par l'activité la plus simple pour arriver jusqu'à la plus difficile.</p> <p>La TCC peut être faite sur une base individuelle avec un thérapeute, ou au sein d'un groupe de patients face à un thérapeute. Elle peut se dérouler avec le seul enfant ou en présence des parents ou du tuteur. Une certaine participation des parents est généralement encouragée.</p> <p>Les adolescents et les parents peuvent également travailler sur eux-mêmes à l'aide de ressources d'auto-assistance en TCC.</p> <h3>La psychothérapie interpersonnelle de l'adolescent (PTI-A)</h3> <p>La psychothérapie interpersonnelle est une forme de traitement pour la dépression, adaptée pour les adolescents. Elle convient mieux aux personnes qui souffrent de dépression sans anxiété. Généralement, il s'agit d'assister à des séances hebdomadaires pendant 16 à 20 semaines.</p> <p>La thérapie repose sur un ensemble normalisé de directives écrites. Elle explore habituellement les relations importantes dans la vie d'un adolescent dans l'un des quatre domaines suivants:</p> <ul> <li>les transitions (p. ex. le passage à l'école secondaire ou à l'université ou l'entrée dans la puberté),</li> <li>le chagrin (une perte importante, généralement un décès),</li> <li>les différends interpersonnels (généralement une relation médiocre avec un parent ou un tuteur),</li> <li>les sensibilités interpersonnelles (difficultés à établir des relations).</li> </ul> <p>Le thérapeute utilisera différentes techniques, y compris l'analyse de la communication en détail et des jeux de rôle permettant de montrer à l'adolescent d'autres façons de communiquer avec les autres.</p> <h3>Autres formes de psychothérapie</h3> <p>Parfois, les patients et les familles choisissent d'autres psychothérapies en fonction de:</p> <ul> <li>la disponibilité,</li> <li>la présence d'autres difficultés, ou troubles,</li> <li>leurs propres préférences, par exemple une communauté de langue ou de culture.</li> </ul> <p>Dans les autres thérapies, on compte:</p> <ul> <li>la thérapie familiale, s'il y a beaucoup de tensions ou de conflits dans la famille,</li> <li>la thérapie spécifique à un traumatisme, s'il y a des antécédents de traumatisme,</li> <li>les approches axées sur le comportement, p. ex. si un enfant ou un adolescent souffre de dépression en même temps que de trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) ou de trouble oppositionnel avec provocation,</li> <li>les thérapies fondées sur la pleine conscience et l'acceptation qui nécessitent d'apprendre à vivre dans l'instant et à faire l'expérience de la vie sans porter de jugement.</li> </ul> <h3>Importance de la relation patient/thérapeute</h3> <p>La psychothérapie est plus utile lorsqu'il existe une bonne relation entre le thérapeute et l'enfant. Si cette relation ne fonctionne pas, vous devriez parler au thérapeute ou décider d'en changer.</p>

 

 

 

 

Depression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changes708.000000000000Depression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changesDepression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changesDEnglishPsychiatrySchool age child (5-8 years);Pre-teen (9-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NANANon-drug treatmentCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2016-07-15T04:00:00ZMarijana Jovanovic, MD, FRCPC;Daphne Korczak MD, MSc, FRCPC (Paediatrics), FRCPC (Psychiatry)​;Irfan Mian, MD, FRCPC, DABPN​​​11.500000000000040.6000000000000952.000000000000Health (A-Z) - ProcedureHealth A-Z<p>​Find out how different types of psychotherapy and lifestyle changes can help ease depression.</p><p>​​If your child or teen is diagnosed with depression, they may be prescribed <a href="/Article?contentid=707&language=English">medications</a> and may be advised to undertake psychotherapy or make lifestyle changes. The type of treatment your child receives depends on the severity of their depression.</p><h2>Key points</h2> <ul> <li>Psychotherapy can help a child with depression by offering support, teaching coping skills or exploring relationships.</li> <li>Cognitive behavioural therapy is an effective psychotherapy. By focusing on the relationship between thoughts, feelings and behaviour, it can help patients recognize signs of depression and change their thinking and behaviour.</li> <li>Other forms of psychotherapy include interpersonal psychotherapy, family therapy, behavioural therapy and mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies.</li> <li>Children and teens may also benefit from at least eight to 10 hours sleep a night, eating a balanced diet and getting regular exercise. A family doctor or pediatrician can offer advice if a child has difficulty making lifestyle changes.</li> </ul><h2>Lifestyle changes and general support</h2><p>Children and teens with mild <a href="/Article?contentid=284&language=English">symptoms of depression</a> may see their symptoms improve by following some general healthy routines.</p> <p>These include:</p><ul><li>getting at least eight to 10 hours of <a href="/Article?contentid=645&language=English">sleep</a> a night</li><li>eating a balanced diet, following <a href="/Article?contentid=1436&language=English">Canada's Food Guide</a></li><li>getting regular exercise in line with the <a href="/Article?contentid=642&language=English">physical activity guidelines for children and youth​</a></li><li>obtaining peer support, where they can talk to others their age about how they are feeling (your child's doctor may be able to recommend a group)</li><li>spending time doing healthy activities they enjoy</li><li>taking time to see if they can reduce or remove any unnecessary stressors</li></ul><p>If your child's depressive symptoms prevent them from following these suggestions, your pediatrician or family doctor can offer advice.</p><h2>How psychotherapy can help treat depression</h2><p>Psychotherapy, also known as "talk therapy", involves a trained therapist working one-to-one with a patient or a group of people on common objectives. Depending on the type of psychotherapy, the therapist can offer support, teach coping skills or help the patient(s) explore their relationships.</p><h3>How to access psychotherapy</h3><p>Based on your child's diagnosis and the severity of their symptoms, your doctor may suggest a therapist or centre that is right for your child. You can also access psychotherapy through:</p><ul><li>a mental health agency</li><li>a recommendation from a trusted friend or family member</li><li>an employee or family assistance program</li></ul><p>Fees for psychotherapy vary. Some costs might be covered through public health agencies or plans or through private insurance.</p><p>The therapy that has been shown to be most effective for depression is cognitive behavioural therapy.</p><h3>Cognitive behavioural therapy</h3><p>Cognitive behavioural therapy, or CBT, is a structured form of therapy involving one session a week usually for 10 to 16 weeks. CBT can be effective for a range of mental health issues.</p><p> <em>How CBT works</em></p><p>CBT is based on cognitive theory, the idea that our thoughts influence our feelings and our behaviours. When it is focused on treating depression, it helps children:</p><ul><li>recognize their signs of depression</li><li>develop "cognitive strategies" (different ways of thinking) for the things that make them sad</li><li>practise "exposure" or "behavioural strategies" to help them gradually re-engage in activities that they might have avoided because of the depression</li></ul><p>CBT helps a person with depression look at some of the thoughts behind their avoidant or other poor coping behaviours. It also teaches them how to have more balanced thoughts and how to cope with depression with relaxation techniques.</p><p>Over time, CBT can include exposure therapy. This typically involves experiments that gradually expose a patient to activities that they have avoided because of their depression. The patient would usually start with the easiest activity and work up to the most difficult.</p><p>CBT can be done one on one with a therapist or with a group of patients and a therapist. It can be conducted with a child on their own or with their parent(s) or caregiver(s) present. Some parent participation is usually encouraged.</p><p>Teens and parents can also work through self-help CBT resources on their own.</p><h3>Interpersonal psychotherapy for adolescents (IPT-A)</h3><p>Interpersonal psychotherapy is a form of therapy for depression that has been adapted for teens. It is more helpful for people that have depression without anxiety. Typically, it involves attending weekly sessions over 16 to 20 weeks.</p><p>The therapy is based on a standard set of written guidelines. It usually explores important relationships in a teen's life within one of the four following areas:</p><ul><li>role transitions (for example, transitioning to high school or university or entering puberty)</li><li>grief (a significant loss, typically a death)</li><li>interpersonal disputes (typically poor relations with a parent or caregiver)</li><li>interpersonal sensitivities (difficulties establishing relationships).</li></ul><p>The therapist will use different techniques, including analyzing communication in detail and role playing other ways the teen can communicate with others.</p><h3>Other forms of psychotherapy</h3><p>Sometimes patients and families choose other psychotherapies based on:</p><ul><li>availability</li><li>the presence of other difficulties or disorders</li><li>their own preferences, for example a shared language or culture</li></ul><p>Other therapies include:</p><ul><li>family therapy, if there is a lot of family tension or conflict</li><li>trauma-specific therapy, if there is a history of trauma</li><li>behavioural approaches, for example if a child or teen has depression with <a href="/Article?contentid=1922&language=English">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)</a> or <a href="/Article?contentid=1925&language=English">oppositional defiant disorder</a></li> <li>mindfulness and acceptance based therapies, which involve learning to live in the moment and experience life without judgment</li></ul><h3>Importance of patient/therapist relationship</h3><p>Psychotherapy is more helpful when there is a good relationship between the therapist and the child. If there is a poor fit, you may need to talk to the therapist or else switch to another therapist.</p><h2>Further information</h2><p>For more information on depression, please see the following pages:</p><p><a href="/Article?contentid=19&language=English">Depression: Overview</a></p><p><a href="/Article?contentid=284&language=English">Depression: Signs and symptoms</a></p><p><a href="/Article?contentid=707&language=English">Depression: Treatment with medications</a></p><img alt="" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/AKHAssets/depression_psychotherapy.jpg" style="BORDER:0px solid;" />Depression: Treatment with psychotherapy and lifestyle changesFalse