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Eczema (atopic dermatitis)EEczema (atopic dermatitis)Eczema (atopic dermatitis)EnglishDermatologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)SkinSkinConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2019-02-15T05:00:00Z6.9000000000000067.80000000000002342.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>​Learn what atopic dermatitis is and what you can do to help your child cope.</p><h2>What is atopic dermatitis (eczema)?</h2><p>Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) skin condition that comes in many forms. Some children may have very mild eczema, while others may have a severe form. Sometimes, as children with eczema grow older, their symptoms lessen or disappear altogether. Other children may have eczema for life.</p><p>With eczema, the skin becomes dry, very itchy and a rash may appear. There are times when the condition is worse and times when the condition is better. When the condition worsens, this is called a flare-up. Flare-ups often occur in the winter months when the air is drier, but they can happen any time throughout the year.</p><p>The causes of eczema are unclear. Both genetic and environmental factors likely play a part. Children who have eczema may also have asthma or allergies such as hay fever.</p><p>There is no cure for eczema, but your health-care team will work with you to develop a plan to control the symptoms. They will also work with you so that you recognize when your child needs to see a health care provider.</p><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic skin condition that comes in many forms. Skin becomes dry and very itchy and a rash may appear. There will be times when the skin is worse or better.</li><li>Scratching the skin causes redness, swelling, damage and discomfort. In more serious cases, weeping of clear fluid, crusting and scaling can occur.</li><li>There are many things you can do to control the itch and to protect your child's skin. </li></ul><h2>Signs and symptoms of eczema</h2><p>Signs and symptoms may vary depending on how severe your child’s eczema is.</p><p>Signs and symptoms of eczema include:</p><ul><li>itching (pruritus)</li><li> <a href="/Article?contentid=790&language=English">dry skin</a></li><li>redness</li><li>eczema patches (scaly rash)</li><li>sleep loss</li><li>thickening of skin, redness, swelling, scratches and discomfort from scratching</li><li>skin colour changes</li><li>in more serious cases, oozing of clear fluid, crusting and scaling</li></ul><div class="asset-3-up"> <figure> <img alt="Photo of mild atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_mild_EN.jpg" /> </figure><figure><img alt="Photo of moderate atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_moderate_EN.jpg" /> </figure><figure><img alt="Photo of severe atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_severe_EN.jpg" />​ </figure> </div><h2>How to manage eczema</h2><p>Good skin care, including bathing and moisturizing, is a key part of managing your child's eczema.</p><p>It is also sometimes possible to figure out what factors cause eczema in your child. If you know the triggers of your child's eczema, help your child stay away from them. However, many flare-ups happen without an obvious trigger.</p><p>Your child’s health care provider may also prescribe one or more medicines to help your child. These medicines may be topical (applied to the skin) or oral (to be taken by mouth).</p><h2>Skin care</h2><h3>Bathing</h3><p>Taking frequent baths is an important step to help manage flare-ups and help prevent infection. Your child should bathe at least once a day, up to three times a day if they have the chance to do so.</p><ul><li>Bathing your child in lukewarm water for five to 10 minutes is ideal for hydrating the skin. Do not use hot water, which can irritate the skin and trigger itching. Being in the water any longer does not help and may even make the skin drier. If you need a reminder, try using a timer.</li><li>Fill up the tub to about hip level when your child is sitting in the tub.</li><li>Use soap-free cleansers or very mild soap products. If you use soap, use it only on the areas that need it. Do not rub or lather with a cloth, as this can irritate the skin. Rinse off all of the soap well to prevent further dryness.</li><li>Do not use wash cloths, sponges or loofahs, as these can cause irritation when rubbed along the skin.</li><li>When you have finished bathing your child, pat their skin dry, do not rub. Try to leave as much water on the skin as you can.</li><li>Apply a prescribed medicated ointment or cream to all the affected skin areas right away (the rough, red, bumpy spots).</li><li>After applying the prescribed active ointment or cream, use a product like petroleum jelly or moisturizer over the unaffected skin areas.</li><li>Use bath time as a chance to inspect your child's skin for redness, irritation or flare-ups. </li></ul><h3>If you want to use emulsifying oils</h3><p>Adding an emulsifying oil can also help keep the skin hydrated. Emulsifying oils work by mixing with the bath water and helping the skin absorb some of the water. Because the oil can make the bathtub slippery, your child could slip and be injured. Be extra-cautious when using emulsifying oils in your child's bath.</p><p>Add the emulsifying oil to the bath water before your child gets in the bathtub. Mix the oil into the bath water. When using emulsifying oil, use the same bathing routine as you normally would (as described above).</p><p>Ask your pharmacist for these special oils. Emulsifying oils are different from regular bath oil, vegetable oil or other types of oils. These types of oils will coat the skin and prevent water, topical medicated creams, or moisturizer from getting in.</p><h3>Moisturizing</h3><p>Dry skin is one of the most common features of eczema. When skin is dry, it can be itchy. It also starts to lose its function as a protective barrier. This means that more water is lost from the skin and irritants can get into the skin. Both can trigger an eczema flare-up.</p><p>Moisturizers help decrease the itch and soothe the skin. They do this by creating a protective layer over the skin. This helps keep the water in the skin and the irritants out. Moisturizers are a mixture of fats, oils and water. There are three kinds of moisturizers that are used: ointments, creams and lotions.</p><ul><li>Ointments are thicker, greasier products. Most of them do not contain water. They are the most effective method for hydrating very dry skin and large areas of skin. They are usually well tolerated.</li><li>Creams are a mixture of fats and water. They feel light and cool on the skin. Creams are used very often to prevent skin from drying out and when skin is cracked. These products often "burn" or sting the skin of patients with eczema.</li><li>Lotions contain the most water. They spread easily and can be cooling to the skin. They can be used on the scalp. They are not as effective for moisturizing dry skin as ointments or creams. Lotions can cause skin discomfort or stinging in very dry skin.</li></ul><p>Avoid any product that irritates the skin. No particular brand of moisturizer is better than another. Find one that works well and that your child likes.</p><h2>Medicines and other treatments</h2><p>Depending on how severe your child's eczema is, your child's health care provider may prescribe one or more medicines.</p><h3>Topical corticosteroids</h3><p>Topical corticosteroids are steroid ointments or creams that are put on the skin. Steroids are an effective way to help reduce inflammation in the skin. Inflammation causes swelling, redness, bumpiness and skin irritation. Less inflammation leads to less itching and therefore, less scratching.</p><p>These medicines are grouped by strength. Which corticosteroid you use depends on where the flare-up is on the body and how bad it is. For example, your child might need a milder corticosteroid for the face but a stronger one for the body. Your child's health care provider will explain which type is best for your child. By carefully following your health care provider’s instructions, you will use topical corticosteroids in the optimum way. This will allow for a better control of your child's flare-ups. When used correctly, topical steroids have almost no side effects. If you have concerns about these medications, talk to your health care provider about them.</p><h3>Topical calcineurin inhibitors</h3><p>Topical calcineurin inhibitors are medications that help regulate the immune system in the skin. They are applied directly to the affected area of skin. Their brand names are Protopic and Elidel. These medicines are used in:</p><ul><li>children who cannot tolerate topical steroids</li><li>children whose eczema does not get better with topical steroids</li></ul><h3>Antihistamines</h3><p>Antihistamines may be used in combination with topical ointments to help relieve the itch that happens with eczema. They may not work in all people. Oral antihistamines are preferred over topical antihistamines, as the topical forms can be irritating to the skin.</p><p>Some antihistamines can cause sleepiness or drowsiness. This can be helpful for children who have trouble sleeping at night because of itching. If your child needs to take antihistamines during the day, their health care provider will review the options with you.</p><h3>Anti-infective agents</h3><p>Having eczema increases a person's risk of infection. Scratching can disrupt the skin barrier, making it easier for bacteria on the skin to enter the body and cause infection. Viruses or fungi can also cross the skin barrier, although this is less common. Infection in the skin can make eczema worse.</p><p>Anti-infective agents are medicines used to fight infections caused by bacteria (antibiotics), viruses (antivirals), and fungi (antifungals). The use of anti-infective agents treats infections and prevents complications. If your child needs an anti-infective, your child's health care provider will prescribe one.</p><h3>Coal tar preparations</h3><p>Crude coal tar can be used to treat skin inflammation and itch. It creates a soothing effect. This treatment has many ingredients that have not all been identified but seem to have a therapeutic effect. Many people avoid using this treatment because it can be messy, it has some odour, it can take a lot of time and it is not very convenient.</p><h3>Herbal remedies and alternative therapy</h3><p>Herbal remedies and alternative therapy may include the use of:</p><ul><li>herbal and dietary supplements</li><li>vitamins</li><li>other over-the-counter products</li></ul><p>These products have not been proven to help with eczema. Tell your health care provider about any alternative therapies and supplements your child is using.</p><h2>When your child should see a health care provider</h2><p>Contact your child's health care provider in the following situations:</p><ul><li>When medicines are not working or your child's condition is worsening.</li><li>If you see any sign of infection, such as crusting, oozing, pus or blister.</li></ul><h2>Resources</h2><ul><li>The <a target="_blank" href="https://eczemahelp.ca/">Eczema Society of Canada</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://nationaleczema.org/">National Eczema Association</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.eczema.org/">National Eczema Society</a></li></ul>
الأكزيما (التهاب الجلد التأتّبي)االأكزيما (التهاب الجلد التأتّبي)Eczema (atopic dermatitis)ArabicDermatologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)SkinSkinConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2009-12-29T05:00:00Z7.0000000000000067.00000000000002232.00000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>تعلم ما هو التهاب الجلد التأتبي وما يمكنك القيام به لمساعدة طفلك على التأقلم.</p>
湿疹(特应性皮炎)湿湿疹(特应性皮炎)Eczema (atopic dermatitis)ChineseSimplifiedDermatologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)SkinSkinConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2019-02-15T05:00:00Z67.00000000000007.000000000000002232.00000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>您将在下文中了解到什么是特应性皮炎,以及如何帮助孩子应对这一病症。</p><h2>什么是特应性皮炎(湿疹)?</h2><p>特应性皮炎是一种慢性(长期)皮肤病,其表现形式多种多样。患儿病情可能非常轻微,也可能极为严重。有时,随着患儿年龄增长,其症状也会有所缓解,甚至完全消退。部分患儿的湿疹病情则会伴其终身。</p><p>湿疹患者会出现皮肤干痒,并可能起皮疹。病情可能时好时坏。病情加重时,我们称之为“炎症发作”。冬季空气干燥,炎症最常发作,但一年中的其他时节也可能出现病情加重的情况。</p><p>目前尚不清楚湿疹的致病因,遗传因素和环境因素都有可能是诱因之一。湿疹患儿也可能患有哮喘或过敏症(如花粉症)。</p><p>湿疹无法治愈,但您的医护团队将与您一起制定计划,协助您控制湿疹症状。他们也将与您合作,以便您了解孩子何时需要就医。</p><h2>要点</h2><ul><li>特应性皮炎(湿疹)是一种慢性皮肤病,其表现形式多种多样。患者会出现皮肤干痒,并可能起皮疹。皮肤状况会时好时坏。</li><li>抓挠皮肤会导致红肿、受伤和不适。情况更严重时,患处可能会流出透明液体,或结痂、脱屑。</li><li>您可以采取多种措施,帮助孩子减缓瘙痒感,保护皮肤。</li></ul><h2>资源</h2><ul><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.eczemahelp.ca/">The Eczema Society of Canada</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://nationaleczema.org/">National Eczema Association</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.eczema.org/">National Eczema Society</a></li></ul>
濕疹(特應性皮炎)濕疹(特應性皮炎)Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)ChineseTraditionalDermatologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)SkinSkinConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2019-02-15T05:00:00Z67.00000000000007.000000000000002232.00000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>您將在下文中瞭解到什麼是特應性皮炎,以及如何幫助孩子應對這一病症。</p><h2>什麼是特應性皮炎(濕疹)?</h2><p>特應性皮炎是一種慢性(長期)皮膚病,其表現形式多種多樣。患兒病情可能非常輕微,也可能極為嚴重。有時,隨著患兒年齡增長,其症狀也會有所緩解,甚至完全消退。部分患兒的濕疹病情則會伴其終身。</p><p>濕疹患者會出現皮膚乾癢,並可能起皮疹。病情可能時好時壞。病情加重時,我們稱之為「炎症發作」。冬季空氣乾燥,炎症最常發作,但一年中的其他時節也可能出現病情加重的情況。</p><p>目前尚不清楚濕疹的致病因,遺傳因素和環境因素都有可能是誘因之一。濕疹患兒也可能患有哮喘或過敏症(如花粉症)。</p><p>濕疹無法治癒,但您的醫護團隊將與您一起制定計畫,協助您控制濕疹症狀。他們也將與您合作,以便您瞭解孩子何時需要就醫。</p><h2>要點</h2><ul><li>特應性皮炎(濕疹)是一種慢性皮膚病,其表現形式多種多樣。患者會出現皮膚乾癢,並可能起皮疹。皮膚狀況會時好時壞。</li><li>抓撓皮膚會導致紅腫、受傷和不適。情況更嚴重時,患處可能會流出透明液體,或結痂、脫屑。</li><li>您可以採取多種措施,幫助孩子減輕瘙癢感,保護皮膚。</li></ul>資源 <ul><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.eczemahelp.ca/">The Eczema Society of Canada</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://nationaleczema.org/">National Eczema Association</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.eczema.org/">National Eczema Society</a></li></ul>
Eczéma (dermatite atopique)EEczéma (dermatite atopique)Eczema (atopic dermatitis)FrenchDermatologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)SkinSkinConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2019-02-15T05:00:00Z7.0000000000000067.00000000000002232.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p> Apprenez à connaître la dermatite atopique et les moyens d’aider votre enfant à y faire face.<br></p><h2>La dermatite atopique (eczéma), qu’est-ce que c’est?</h2><p>La dermatite atopique est une maladie chronique (qui dure) de la peau qui peut prendre de nombreuses formes. Certains enfants souffrent d’un eczéma grave, alors que d’autres n’ont qu’une forme sans gravité de la maladie. Des fois, lorsque les enfants atteints d'eczéma grandissent, leurs symptômes s'atténuent ou disparraissent. D'autres enfants peuvent demeurer atteintes à vie.<br></p><p>L’eczéma dessèche la peau, provoque des démangeaisons et peut entraîner des éruptions cutanées (rash). En général, il s’aggrave par moments et s’atténue à d’autres. Quand l’état s’aggrave, on parle de ​poussée active. Les poussées actives se produisent souvent en hiver, quand l’air est plus sec, mais elles sont possibles toute l’année.</p><p>Les causes de l’eczéma ne sont pas claires. Des facteurs génétiques et environnementaux y jouent probablement un rôle. Il arrive que les enfants atteints d’eczéma aient aussi de l’<a href="/article?contentid=785&language=French">asthme</a> ou des allergies comme le rhume des foins. Rien ne peut guérir l’eczéma, mais l’équipe de soins de santé élaborera avec vous un plan pour en maîtriser les symptômes. Elle vous apprendra aussi à reconnaître quand votre enfant doit voir un fournisseur des soins.</p><h2>À retenir</h2> <ul><li>La dermatite atopique (eczéma) est une maladie chronique de la peau qui peut prendre de nombreuses formes. La peau se dessèche et démange; une éruption cutanée (rash) peut apparaître. L’état de la peau empire ou s’améliore par moments.</li> <li>Des rougeurs, un gonflement, des lésions et un inconfort apparaissent quand le patient se gratte. Dans les cas plus graves, un liquide clair s’écoule des lésions; des croûtes et des squames peuvent se former.</li> <li>Il y a de nombreux moyens de prévenir et de soulager les démangeaisons et de protéger la peau de votre enfant.</li></ul><h2>Signes et symptô​mes de l’eczéma</h2><p> Les signes et symptômes peuvent varier selon la gravité de l'eczéma de votre enfant et peuvent inclure :</p><ul><li>Démangeaisons (prurit) </li><li>Peau sèche </li><li>Rougeurs </li><li>Plaques d’eczéma (éruptions cutanées, squames) </li><li>Perte de sommeil </li><li>Épaississement de la peau, rougeurs, gonflement, égratignures et inconfort causé par le fait de se gratter </li><li>Changements de couleur de la peau </li><li>Dans les cas les plus graves, suintements, croûtes et squames </li></ul><div class="asset-3-up"> <figure><img alt="Photo of mild atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_mild_FR.jpg" /> </figure> <figure> <img alt="Photo of moderate atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_moderate_FR.jpg" /> </figure><figure> <img alt="Photo of severe atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_severe_FR.jpg" /> </figure> </div><h2>Diagnostic de l’eczéma</h2> <p>Pour établir un diagnostic d’eczéma, le médecin de votre enfant procédera comme suit :</p> <ul><li>Il vous posera des questions sur les éruptions cutanées. Il vous demandera quand elles sont apparues, ce qui les aggrave et ce qui les soulage, et à quel moment de l’année elles se produisent. </li> <li>Il examinera la peau de votre enfant. </li> <li>Il déterminera si votre enfant a de l’asthme, le rhume des foins ou d’autres allergies. </li> <li>Il vous demandera si d’autres membres de la famille ont déjà eu de l’eczéma, de l’asthme ou des allergies. </li></ul> <p>Si la peau de votre enfant suinte et est couverte de croûtes et de squames, le médecin en prélèvera peut-être un échantillon pour analyse. Il pourra ainsi s’assurer que votre enfant n’est pas atteint d’une infection de la peau.</p><h2>Prise en charge de l’eczéma</h2><p>Les soins de la peau, y compris les bains et les soins hydratants, sont une part importante de la prise en charge de l’eczéma de votre enfant.</p><p>Parfois, il est également possible de déterminer les facteurs à l’origine de l’eczéma. Si vous savez ce qui déclenche les poussées d’eczéma de votre enfant, aidez-le à éviter ces situations. Cependant, beaucoup de poussées actives se produisent sans qu’on sache ce qui les déclenche.</p><p>Le fournisseur de soins de votre enfant peut également prescrire un ou plusieurs médicaments pour aider votre enfant. Ces médicaments peuvent être topiques (à appliquer sur la peau) ou se prendre par voie orale (à avaler).</p><h2>Soins de la peau</h2><h3>Bains</h3><p>Des bains fréquents sont une part importante de la prise en charge des poussées actives. Ils aident à prévenir les infections. Votre enfant doit prendre un bain au moins une fois par jour et jusqu’à trois fois par jour s’il en a l’occasion.</p><ul><li>Faites prendre à votre enfant un bain d’eau tiède pendant cinq à dix minutes est idéale pour hydrater la peau. Il est important que l’eau soit tiède et non chaude. L’eau chaude peut irriter la peau et déclencher des démangeaisons. Par ailleurs, cinq à dix minutes est une durée idéale pour hydrater la peau. Il n’y a aucun intérêt à prolonger le bain plus longtemps. Cela risque même de dessécher la peau. Si vous craignez de dépasser la durée recommandée, utilisez une minuterie. </li><li>Remplissez la baignoire jusqu’à ce que l’eau arrive à la taille de votre enfant quand il est assis. </li><li>Utilisez des nettoyants sans savon ou des savons très doux. Si vous utilisez du savon, employez-le uniquement là où c’est nécessaire. Ne frottez pas et ne faites pas mousser le savon avec un linge, car vous risqueriez d’irriter la peau. Rincez bien pour éliminer toute trace du savon et ne pas dessécher davantage la peau. </li><li>N’utilisez pas de gant de toilette, de débarbouillette, d’éponge ni de luffa, car leur frottement sur la peau pourrait causer de l’irritation. </li><li>Lorsque le bain est terminé, séchez votre enfant en l’enveloppant dans une serviette, sans frotter la peau. Essayez de laisser le plus d’eau possible sur la peau. </li><li>Appliquez immédiatement la pommade ou la crème traitante prescrite sur toutes les zones de peau touchées (plaques rugueuses, rouges, enflées). </li><li>Après avoir appliqué la pommade ou la crème traitante prescrite, étalez un produit comme de la vaseline ou une lotion hydratante sur les zones intactes de la peau. </li><li>Profitez du bain pour inspecter la peau de votre enfant et détecter toute rougeur, irritation ou poussée active. </li></ul><h3>Si vous souhaitez utiliser deshuiles émulsifiantes</h3><p>L’ajout d’une huile émulsifiante dans l’eau du bain peut également contribuer à l’hydratation de la peau. Les huiles émulsifiantes agissent en se mélangeant à l’eau du bain et en aidant la peau à absorber une partie de l’eau. Comme l’huile peut rendre la baignoire glissante, votre enfant risque de glisser et de se blesser. Faites preuve d’une grande prudence quand vous utilisez des huiles émulsifiantes dans le bain de votre enfant.</p><p>Mélangez l’huile émulsifiante à l’eau du bain avant que votre enfant n’entre dans la baignoire. Quand vous utilisez de l’huile émulsifiante, donnez le bain en suivant la même routine qu’à l’ordinaire (comme décrit ci-dessus).</p><p>Demandez ces huiles spéciales dans votre pharmacie. Les huiles émulsifiantes ne sont pas des huiles de bain ordinaires, des huiles végétales ni des huiles d’un autre type. Ces dernières formeraient un film sur la peau et empêcheraient l’eau, les traitements topiques en crème ou l’hydratant d’y pénétrer.</p><p>Les soins hydratants aident à réduire les démangeaisons et à apaiser la peau. Ils la couvrent d’un film protecteur. Ils contribuent ainsi à retenir l’eau dans la peau et à empêcher les agents irritants d’y pénétrer. Les hydratants sont un mélange de corps gras, d’huiles et d’eau. Les hydratants employés sont de trois types : pommades (onguents), crèmes et lotions.</p><ul><li>Les pommades sont des produits épais et gras. La plupart ne contiennent pas d’eau. Leur efficacité est sans égal pour hydrater la peau très sèche et sur de grandes surfaces de peau. Elles sont habituellement bien tolérées.</li><li>Les crèmes sont un mélange de corps gras et d’eau. Elles donnent une sensation de légèreté et de fraîcheur sur la peau. On utilise très souvent des crèmes sur les crevasses et pour éviter que la peau ne se dessèche. Chez les patients qui ont de l’eczéma, ces produits « piquent » ou provoquent une sensation de brûlure sur la peau.</li><li>Ce sont les lotions qui contiennent le plus d’eau. Elles sont faciles à étaler et peuvent procurer une sensation rafraîchissante sur la peau. Elles peuvent être utilisées sur le cuir chevelu. Elles ne sont pas aussi efficaces que les pommades ou les crèmes pour hydrater la peau sèche. Sur la peau très sèche, les lotions peuvent causer un inconfort ou des picotements.</li></ul><p>Évitez tout produit qui irrite la peau. Aucune marque particulière d’hydratant n’est meilleure que les autres. Trouvez-en une qui donne de bons résultats et que votre enfant aime.</p> <h2>Médicaments et autres traitements</h2><p>Selon la gravité de l’eczéma de votre enfant, le fournisseur de soins pourrait prescrire un ou plusieurs médicaments.</p><h3>Corticostéroïdes topiques</h3><p>Les corticostéroïdes topiques sont des stéroïdes en pommade ou en crème à appliquer sur la peau. Ils combattent efficacement l’inflammation de la peau. L’inflammation cause un gonflement, des rougeurs, des boursouflures et une irritation de la peau. Moins d’inflammation signifie moins de démangeaisons. Résultat : l’enfant se gratte moins.</p><p>Ces médicaments sont regroupés selon leur puissance. Le corticostéroïde utilisé dépend de la localisation et de la gravité de la poussée d’eczéma sur le corps. Par exemple, votre enfant pourrait avoir besoin d’un corticostéroïde plus léger pour le visage et plus puissant pour le corps. Le fournisseur de soins vous expliquera quel type de traitement est préférable pour votre enfant.</p><p>En suivant attentivement les instructions du fournisseur de soins, vous utiliserez les corticostéroïdes topiques de manière optimale. Ainsi, les poussées d’eczéma de votre enfant seront mieux maîtrisées. Utilisés correctement, les stéroïdes topiques n’ont presque pas d’effets secondaires. Si vous avez des inquiétudes à propos de ces médicaments, parlez-en à votre fournisseur de soins.</p><h3>Inhibiteurs topiques de la calcineurine</h3><p>Les inhibiteurs topiques de la calcineurine sont des médicaments qui aident à réguler le système immunitaire dans la peau. Ils sont appliquées directement sur la région atteinte. Ces médicaments sont vendus sous les marques Protopic et Elidel. Ils sont utilisés dans les cas suivants :</p><ul><li>Enfants qui ne tolèrent pas les stéroïdes topiques<br></li><li>Enfants dont l’eczéma ne répond pas aux stéroïdes topiques </li></ul><h3>Antihista​miniques</h3><p>Les antihistaminiques peuvent être utilisés avec des pommades pour soulager les démangeaisons causées par l’eczéma. Ils n’agissent pas chez tous les patients. Les antihistaminiques par voie orale sont préférés aux antihistaminiques topiques qui peuvent être irritants pour la peau.</p><p>Certains antihistaminiques peuvent causer de la fatigue ou de la somnolence. Cela peut être utile chez les enfants qui ont du mal à dormir la nuit à cause des démangeaisons. Si votre enfant doit prendre des antihistaminiques pendant la journée, le fournisseur de soins examinera avec vous les options possibles.</p><h3>Anti-infectieux</h3><p>L’eczéma augmente le risque d’infection. En se grattant, le patient risque de compromettre la barrière cutanée et de permettre aux bactéries sur la peau d’entrer dans l’organisme et d’y provoquer une infection. Virus et champignons peuvent eux aussi traverser la barrière cutanée, mais c’est moins fréquent. Une infection de la peau peut aggraver l’eczéma.</p><p>Les anti-infectieux sont des médicaments utilisés pour lutter contre les infections causées par une bactérie (antibiotiques), un virus (antiviraux) ou un champignon (antifongiques). Les anti-infectieux servent à traiter les infections et à prévenir les complications. Si votre enfant doit prendre un anti-infectieux, son fournisseur de soins le lui prescrira.</p><h3>Préparations à base de goudron de h​ouille</h3><p>Le goudron de houille brut peut être utilisé pour traiter une inflammation de la peau et des démangeaisons. Il a un effet apaisant. Ce traitement comporte de nombreux ingrédients qui n’ont pas tous été identifiés, mais il semble avoir un effet thérapeutique. Beaucoup de personnes l’évitent parce qu’il peut être salissant, qu’il est malodorant, qu’il prend du temps et qu’il n’est pas très commode.</p><h3>Plantes médicinales et médecines douces</h3><p>Les plantes médicinales et les médecines douces peuvent prendre la forme de :</p><ul><li>Suppléments alimentaires et à base de plantes </li><li>Vitamines </li><li>Autres produits en vente libre </li></ul><p>L’utilité de ces produits dans le traitement de l’eczéma n’a pas été prouvée. Si votre enfant suit un traitement par les médecines douces ou prend un supplément, dites-le au fournisseur de soins.</p><h2>Quand emmener votre enfant chez un fournisseur de soins<br></h2> <p>Prenez contact avec le fournisseur de soins de votre enfant dans les situations ci-dessous :</p> <p></p> <ul><li>quand les médicaments n’agissent pas ou que l’état de votre enfant s’aggrave;</li> <li>en présence d’un signe d’infection comme des croûtes, un suintement, du pus ou une cloque.</li></ul><h2>Documentation</h2><ul><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://eczemahelp.ca/?lang=fr">Société canadienne de l'eczéma</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.leo-pharma.ca/fr/Home.aspx">Pr​ogramme AISE</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://nationaleczema.org/">National Eczema Association</a> (disponible uniquement en anglais)</li><li> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.eczema.org/">National Eczema Society</a> (disponible uniquement en anglais)​<br></li></ul>
Eczema (dermatitis atópica)EEczema (dermatitis atópica)Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)SpanishNAChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NANANAAdult (19+)NA2009-12-29T05:00:00Z000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>Infórmese sobre la dermatitis atópica y sobre lo que puede hacer para ayudar a su niño a sobrellevarla.</p>
எக்ஸீமா (அடொபிக் டெர்மடைடிஸ்)எக்ஸீமா (அடொபிக் டெர்மடைடிஸ்)Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)TamilNAChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NANANAAdult (19+)NA2009-12-29T05:00:00Z000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>அடொபிக் டெர்மடைடிஸ் என்றால் என்ன மற்றும் உங்கள் பிள்ளை அதைச் சமாளிக்க நீங்கள் என்ன உதவி செய்யலாம் என்பதைப் பற்றிக் கற்றுக் கொள்ளவும்.</p>
ایکزیمہاایکزیمہEczema (Atopic Dermatitis)UrduNAChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)NANANAAdult (19+)NA2009-12-29T05:00:00Z67.00000000000007.000000000000002232.00000000000Flat ContentHealth A-Z<p>اس بارے میں جانئے کہ ایٹاپک ڈرماٹائیسس کیا ہے اور اِس سے مقابلہ کرنے کے لیے آپ اپنے بچے کی کس طرح مدد کر سکتے ہیں۔</p>

 

 

Eczema (atopic dermatitis)773.000000000000Eczema (atopic dermatitis)Eczema (atopic dermatitis)EEnglishDermatologyChild (0-12 years);Teen (13-18 years)SkinSkinConditions and diseasesCaregivers Adult (19+)NA2019-02-15T05:00:00Z6.9000000000000067.80000000000002342.00000000000Health (A-Z) - ConditionsHealth A-Z<p>​Learn what atopic dermatitis is and what you can do to help your child cope.</p><h2>What is atopic dermatitis (eczema)?</h2><p>Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) skin condition that comes in many forms. Some children may have very mild eczema, while others may have a severe form. Sometimes, as children with eczema grow older, their symptoms lessen or disappear altogether. Other children may have eczema for life.</p><p>With eczema, the skin becomes dry, very itchy and a rash may appear. There are times when the condition is worse and times when the condition is better. When the condition worsens, this is called a flare-up. Flare-ups often occur in the winter months when the air is drier, but they can happen any time throughout the year.</p><p>The causes of eczema are unclear. Both genetic and environmental factors likely play a part. Children who have eczema may also have asthma or allergies such as hay fever.</p><p>There is no cure for eczema, but your health-care team will work with you to develop a plan to control the symptoms. They will also work with you so that you recognize when your child needs to see a health care provider.</p><h2>Key points</h2><ul><li>Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic skin condition that comes in many forms. Skin becomes dry and very itchy and a rash may appear. There will be times when the skin is worse or better.</li><li>Scratching the skin causes redness, swelling, damage and discomfort. In more serious cases, weeping of clear fluid, crusting and scaling can occur.</li><li>There are many things you can do to control the itch and to protect your child's skin. </li></ul><h2>Signs and symptoms of eczema</h2><p>Signs and symptoms may vary depending on how severe your child’s eczema is.</p><p>Signs and symptoms of eczema include:</p><ul><li>itching (pruritus)</li><li> <a href="/Article?contentid=790&language=English">dry skin</a></li><li>redness</li><li>eczema patches (scaly rash)</li><li>sleep loss</li><li>thickening of skin, redness, swelling, scratches and discomfort from scratching</li><li>skin colour changes</li><li>in more serious cases, oozing of clear fluid, crusting and scaling</li></ul><div class="asset-3-up"> <figure> <img alt="Photo of mild atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_mild_EN.jpg" /> </figure><figure><img alt="Photo of moderate atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_moderate_EN.jpg" /> </figure><figure><img alt="Photo of severe atopic dermatitis" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/akhassets/Atopic_dermatitis_severe_EN.jpg" />​ </figure> </div><h2>How to manage eczema</h2><p>Good skin care, including bathing and moisturizing, is a key part of managing your child's eczema.</p><p>It is also sometimes possible to figure out what factors cause eczema in your child. If you know the triggers of your child's eczema, help your child stay away from them. However, many flare-ups happen without an obvious trigger.</p><p>Your child’s health care provider may also prescribe one or more medicines to help your child. These medicines may be topical (applied to the skin) or oral (to be taken by mouth).</p><h2>Skin care</h2><h3>Bathing</h3><p>Taking frequent baths is an important step to help manage flare-ups and help prevent infection. Your child should bathe at least once a day, up to three times a day if they have the chance to do so.</p><ul><li>Bathing your child in lukewarm water for five to 10 minutes is ideal for hydrating the skin. Do not use hot water, which can irritate the skin and trigger itching. Being in the water any longer does not help and may even make the skin drier. If you need a reminder, try using a timer.</li><li>Fill up the tub to about hip level when your child is sitting in the tub.</li><li>Use soap-free cleansers or very mild soap products. If you use soap, use it only on the areas that need it. Do not rub or lather with a cloth, as this can irritate the skin. Rinse off all of the soap well to prevent further dryness.</li><li>Do not use wash cloths, sponges or loofahs, as these can cause irritation when rubbed along the skin.</li><li>When you have finished bathing your child, pat their skin dry, do not rub. Try to leave as much water on the skin as you can.</li><li>Apply a prescribed medicated ointment or cream to all the affected skin areas right away (the rough, red, bumpy spots).</li><li>After applying the prescribed active ointment or cream, use a product like petroleum jelly or moisturizer over the unaffected skin areas.</li><li>Use bath time as a chance to inspect your child's skin for redness, irritation or flare-ups. </li></ul><h3>If you want to use emulsifying oils</h3><p>Adding an emulsifying oil can also help keep the skin hydrated. Emulsifying oils work by mixing with the bath water and helping the skin absorb some of the water. Because the oil can make the bathtub slippery, your child could slip and be injured. Be extra-cautious when using emulsifying oils in your child's bath.</p><p>Add the emulsifying oil to the bath water before your child gets in the bathtub. Mix the oil into the bath water. When using emulsifying oil, use the same bathing routine as you normally would (as described above).</p><p>Ask your pharmacist for these special oils. Emulsifying oils are different from regular bath oil, vegetable oil or other types of oils. These types of oils will coat the skin and prevent water, topical medicated creams, or moisturizer from getting in.</p><h3>Moisturizing</h3><p>Dry skin is one of the most common features of eczema. When skin is dry, it can be itchy. It also starts to lose its function as a protective barrier. This means that more water is lost from the skin and irritants can get into the skin. Both can trigger an eczema flare-up.</p><p>Moisturizers help decrease the itch and soothe the skin. They do this by creating a protective layer over the skin. This helps keep the water in the skin and the irritants out. Moisturizers are a mixture of fats, oils and water. There are three kinds of moisturizers that are used: ointments, creams and lotions.</p><ul><li>Ointments are thicker, greasier products. Most of them do not contain water. They are the most effective method for hydrating very dry skin and large areas of skin. They are usually well tolerated.</li><li>Creams are a mixture of fats and water. They feel light and cool on the skin. Creams are used very often to prevent skin from drying out and when skin is cracked. These products often "burn" or sting the skin of patients with eczema.</li><li>Lotions contain the most water. They spread easily and can be cooling to the skin. They can be used on the scalp. They are not as effective for moisturizing dry skin as ointments or creams. Lotions can cause skin discomfort or stinging in very dry skin.</li></ul><p>Avoid any product that irritates the skin. No particular brand of moisturizer is better than another. Find one that works well and that your child likes.</p><h2>Medicines and other treatments</h2><p>Depending on how severe your child's eczema is, your child's health care provider may prescribe one or more medicines.</p><h3>Topical corticosteroids</h3><p>Topical corticosteroids are steroid ointments or creams that are put on the skin. Steroids are an effective way to help reduce inflammation in the skin. Inflammation causes swelling, redness, bumpiness and skin irritation. Less inflammation leads to less itching and therefore, less scratching.</p><p>These medicines are grouped by strength. Which corticosteroid you use depends on where the flare-up is on the body and how bad it is. For example, your child might need a milder corticosteroid for the face but a stronger one for the body. Your child's health care provider will explain which type is best for your child. By carefully following your health care provider’s instructions, you will use topical corticosteroids in the optimum way. This will allow for a better control of your child's flare-ups. When used correctly, topical steroids have almost no side effects. If you have concerns about these medications, talk to your health care provider about them.</p><h3>Topical calcineurin inhibitors</h3><p>Topical calcineurin inhibitors are medications that help regulate the immune system in the skin. They are applied directly to the affected area of skin. Their brand names are Protopic and Elidel. These medicines are used in:</p><ul><li>children who cannot tolerate topical steroids</li><li>children whose eczema does not get better with topical steroids</li></ul><h3>Antihistamines</h3><p>Antihistamines may be used in combination with topical ointments to help relieve the itch that happens with eczema. They may not work in all people. Oral antihistamines are preferred over topical antihistamines, as the topical forms can be irritating to the skin.</p><p>Some antihistamines can cause sleepiness or drowsiness. This can be helpful for children who have trouble sleeping at night because of itching. If your child needs to take antihistamines during the day, their health care provider will review the options with you.</p><h3>Anti-infective agents</h3><p>Having eczema increases a person's risk of infection. Scratching can disrupt the skin barrier, making it easier for bacteria on the skin to enter the body and cause infection. Viruses or fungi can also cross the skin barrier, although this is less common. Infection in the skin can make eczema worse.</p><p>Anti-infective agents are medicines used to fight infections caused by bacteria (antibiotics), viruses (antivirals), and fungi (antifungals). The use of anti-infective agents treats infections and prevents complications. If your child needs an anti-infective, your child's health care provider will prescribe one.</p><h3>Coal tar preparations</h3><p>Crude coal tar can be used to treat skin inflammation and itch. It creates a soothing effect. This treatment has many ingredients that have not all been identified but seem to have a therapeutic effect. Many people avoid using this treatment because it can be messy, it has some odour, it can take a lot of time and it is not very convenient.</p><h3>Herbal remedies and alternative therapy</h3><p>Herbal remedies and alternative therapy may include the use of:</p><ul><li>herbal and dietary supplements</li><li>vitamins</li><li>other over-the-counter products</li></ul><p>These products have not been proven to help with eczema. Tell your health care provider about any alternative therapies and supplements your child is using.</p><h2>Managing the itch</h2><p>Here are some tips that you and your child can use to help control the itching of eczema:</p><h3>Tips for moisturizing</h3><ul><li>Moisturize, moisturize, moisturize!</li><li>Keep moisturizers and medicines cool by storing them in the fridge.</li><li>Avoid products that contain irritating ingredients such as alcohol and fragrances (perfumes).</li><li>Try applying a cool washcloth followed by moisturizing the skin.</li></ul><h3>Clothing tips</h3><ul><li>Have your child sleep with one layer of loose cotton pajamas because sweat can irritate the skin.</li><li>Have your child wear cotton clothing. Avoid nylon, wool or other rough fabrics as these can be very irritating to the skin.</li><li>Use cotton linens and bedding.</li><li>Cut off the tags on clothing as these can sometimes irritate the skin.</li></ul><h3>Tips for reducing scratching</h3><p>Do not mistake your child scratching because they are itching for a bad habit. It is rather the sign that your child’s eczema could be better managed. Try the following tips out. If the scratching goes on, ask your child's health care provider for advice.</p><ul><li>Use a washing cloth cooled with cool water when your child feels itchy to help decrease scratching. Avoid using a washing cloth on large parts of the body because it may cause heat loss in babies and small children.</li><li>Keep your child’s fingernails short and clean.</li><li>Ask your child to tell you when they are itching. Itching is the sign that your child's eczema is not under control. Itching leads to scratching. This leads to further irritation and inflammation and makes the condition worse.</li><li>If you notice that your child is scratching at a particular time of day on a regular basis, take the time to apply moisturizer at this particular moment. It will help relieve the itch and it is an opportunity to take a better control of your child's eczema.</li></ul><h3>Tips for managing your child's environment</h3><ul><li>Keep the environment cool. Use fans.</li><li>It is better for your child if they sleep alone. When a child is sleeping in the same bed as others, this can lead to flare-ups because the heat created by the other bodies increases and makes your child sweat more. Do not share a bed with your baby. It increases the risk of <a href="/Article?contentid=460&language=English">sudden infant death syndrome</a> (SIDS).</li><li>Help decrease stress by maintaining a regular routine that you and your child can follow. Stress can sometimes cause increased scratching.</li><li>Use humidifiers in your child's room in the winter. Humidifiers can also be put in often used rooms such as the family room or basement. Keep the humidifier's filter clean of mould and dust.</li></ul><h2>Other considerations</h2><h3>Seasonal changes</h3><p>You may find that your child's <a href="/Article?contentid=1114&language=English">eczema is worse in the colder</a>, dryer months. During this time, the air becomes very dry and holds less moisture. This can cause dryer skin. In the warmer months, the humidity can also worsen eczema for some people.</p><h3>Laundry care</h3><ul><li>Use mild detergent that contains no perfume or dyes.</li><li>Do not use dryer sheets as they contain irritants.</li></ul><h3>Coping with eczema</h3><p>The daily care routine for eczema can be very stressful to you, your child and the rest of your family. It is very important to maintain the routine and be committed to it to <a href="/Article?contentid=1112&language=English">manage your child's eczema</a> . Your child's health-care team is a good resource if you need advice. Some children develop self-esteem problems or feel embarrassed by their eczema. That is one of the reasons why it is important to keep your child's eczema under control.</p><h3>School and activities</h3><p>If your child goes to daycare, talk to the daycare staff and to parents of other children that attend the daycare about eczema. Explain that your child has this condition and that it will not spread to other children.</p><p>If your child needs daytime moisturizing, have a doctor's note allowing your child or a nurse to apply it at school.</p><p>School can cause a great deal of stress in children with eczema. Parents, family members and teachers should understand the stress that these children experience and that they may need more emotional support and understanding.</p><p>It is important that your child is able to participate in their <a target="_blank" href="/Article?contentid=1113&language=English">regular activities</a> as much as they can. You may be able to make some changes to help enable this.</p><h2>When your child should see a health care provider</h2><p>Contact your child's health care provider in the following situations:</p><ul><li>When medicines are not working or your child's condition is worsening.</li><li>If you see any sign of infection, such as crusting, oozing, pus or blister.</li></ul><h2>Resources</h2><ul><li>The <a target="_blank" href="https://eczemahelp.ca/">Eczema Society of Canada</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="https://nationaleczema.org/">National Eczema Association</a></li><li> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.eczema.org/">National Eczema Society</a></li></ul><img alt="" src="https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/AKHAssets/eczema.jpg" style="BORDER:0px solid;" />https://assets.aboutkidshealth.ca/AKHAssets/eczema.jpgeczemaEczema (atopic dermatitis)False

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